ArticleNPJ biofilms and microbiomes2021
Interactions between gut microbiota and metabolites modulate cytokine network imbalances in women with unexplained miscarriage.
Article in NPJ biofilms and microbiomes, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 59 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
59 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of microbiota in the pathophysiology of uterine fibroids - a systematic review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Pooled it
- Gut microbiome and pregnancy complications: emerging evidence and mechanistic insights.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Microbial and Metabolic Correlates of Endometrial Dysfunction in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Translational Study.BJOG : an international journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota‑immune crosstalk in recurrent pregnancy loss: Mechanisms and therapeutic perspectives (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Dietary Supplementation of Protease and/or Amylase Improves Growth Performance, Digestive Function, and Intestinal Health of Weaned Piglets.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Inflammatory Activation and Maternal-Fetal Interface Remodeling in Spontaneous Abortion.Current medical science · 2026Article
- Unveiling the Bidirectional Relationship on the Effect of Gut Microbiota and Female Infertility: A Narrative Review.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles: New Hype or Hope to Explain Reproductive Host-Microbiota Interactions.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Review
- Article
- Machine learning and the role of the vaginal and fecal microbiome in miscarriage: a matched case-control study.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2026Article
- Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications of Microbiome-Mediated Immune Dysregulation in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss and Implantation Failure.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026Review
- Miscarriage and the Microbiome: Host Genetics, Immunity, and the Reproductive Tract Ecosystem.Genes · 2026Review
- Cornus officinalis extract modulates rumen microbiome and growth of lambs fed a high-concentrate diet.AMB Express · 2026Article
- Nervonic Acid fromBiomaterials research · 2026Article
- Bridging Mind and Gut: The Molecular Mechanisms of microRNA, Microbiota, and Cytokine Interactions in Depression.Current gene therapy · 2026Review
- Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Unveils Biomarkers Linking the Gut Microbiota, Blood Metabolites, and Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.International journal of women's health · 2026Article
- Unraveling the intricate link: gut microbiota and recurrent spontaneous abortion.Frontiers in reproductive health · 2026Review
- L-theanine-targeted prefrontal cortex improves CUMS-induced depression via the gut-short-chain fatty acids-brain axis.NPJ science of food · 2025Article
- The Role of the Gut Microbiota in Female Reproductive and Gynecological Health: Insights into Endometrial Signaling Pathways.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Relationship Between Gut Microbiota and Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.Microorganisms · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A dysregulation of cytokine networks has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of unexplained pregnancy loss. Gut microbiota affects host immune response and induces an imbalance in cytokine levels. However, how gut microbial dysbiosis disturbs cellular immune function in miscarriage remains inconclusive. Here we report that IL-2, IL-17A, IL-17F, TNF-α, and IFN-γ are significantly increased in serum of miscarriage patients. Fecal microbiome analyses indicate that microbial diversity and the relative abundances of Prevotella_1, Prevotellaceae_UCG_003 and Selenomonas_1 are significantly reduced in the cases. Correlation analyses indicate that some microbe-associated metabolites are positively associated with changes in levels of Th1/Th17 cytokines in the miscarriage group. Moreover, we identify that imidazolepropionic acid and 1,4-methylimidazoleacetic acid are associated with subsequent recurrent miscarriage. Our study highlights the network among gut microbiota, fecal metabolites and Th1/Th17-mediated immune response in miscarriage patients and explores the potential predictive values of two fecal metabolites for recurrent miscarriages.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.