ArticleBMJ case reports2021
Acute cerebral atrophy in autoimmune encephalitis complicated by haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Article in BMJ case reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autoimmune encephalitis followed by hemophagocytic lymph histiocytosis: a case report.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Autoimmune encephalitis is a disease characterised by neural-specific antibodies. This case report presents a 20-year-old young man with a recent history of suspected viral encephalitis who presented with recurrent fevers and episodes of confusion. He was found to have anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid 1 receptor (AMPAR1) positive autoantibodies and was diagnosed with autoimmune encephalitis. He subsequently developed global cerebral atrophy and was found to meet diagnostic criteria for haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). This patient's presentation was consistent with existing literature showing that autoimmune encephalitis may develop after an initial viral meningoencephalitis. However, concurrent anti-NMDAR and anti-AMPAR1 positive autoimmune encephalitis has not been reported in literature to date, and this case report represents one instance of its presentation. We speculate that multiple antibodies against neural surface antigens may increase the risk for systemic immune activation leading to HLH and acute cerebral atrophy.
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