ArticleScience advances2021
Severe violations of independence in response inhibition tasks.
Article in Science advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- The influence of emotional stimuli on response inhibition: a systematic review in non-clinical adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Has stopping stopped making sense? Disentangling the processes elicited by complex action cancellation paradigms.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2026Review
- Distinct temporal patterns of beta bursts differentiate successful and failed movement cancellation.iScience · 2026Article
- Model-based analysis of stop-signal data reveals robust neural and clinical correlates of evidence accumulation but not inhibition.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A cortico-subthalamic circuit rapidly engages and releases inhibition of specific movements depending on the environmental context.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- Cortico-basal ganglia dynamics of global and selective response inhibition in humans.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Muscle bursting and corticomotor excitability mark impaired impulse control in Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2025Article
- It was 40 years ago today: Reflections "On the ability to inhibit simple and choice reaction time responses: A model and a method" by Logan et al. (1984).Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance · 2025Article
- Global Motor System Suppression as the Primary Mechanism of Human Action Stopping: Challenging the Pause-Then-Cancel Model.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Common and Unique Neurophysiological Processes That Support the Stopping and Revising of Actions.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2025Article
- Article
- Does the stop-signal P3 reflect inhibitory control?Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior · 2025Review
- Effects of aging and valence on emotional response inhibition: conclusions from a novel stop-signal task.Frontiers in psychology · 2025Article
- Cognitive Control.Annual review of psychology · 2025Review
- Towards Dependent Race Models for the Stop-Signal Paradigm: The Copula Approach.Computational brain & behavior · 2024Article
- A touching advantage: cross-modal stop-signals improve reactive response inhibition.Experimental brain research · 2024Article
- Article
- Failing to attend versus failing to stop: Single-trial decomposition of action-stopping in the stop signal task.Behavior research methods · 2023Article
- Stop-signal delay reflects response selection duration in stop-signal task.Attention, perception & psychophysics · 2023Article
- A dual-task approach to inform the taxonomy of inhibition-related processes.Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The stop-signal paradigm, a primary experimental paradigm for understanding cognitive control and response inhibition, rests upon the theoretical foundation of race models, which assume that a go process races independently against a stop process that occurs after a stop-signal delay (SSD). We show that severe violations of this independence assumption at short SSDs occur systematically across a wide range of conditions, including fast and slow reaction times, auditory and visual stop signals, manual and saccadic responses, and especially in selective stopping. We also reanalyze existing data and show that conclusions can change when short SSDs are excluded. Last, we suggest experimental and analysis techniques to address this violation, and propose adjustments to extant models to accommodate this finding.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.