ArticleAIDS (London, England)2021
Exploring predictors of HIV-1 virologic failure to long-acting cabotegravir and rilpivirine: a multivariable analysis.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 104 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cohort Study of HIV-positive People, Treated With Long Acting Antiretroviral Therapy (SCohoLART)
Level of Satisfaction and Quality of Life in People Living With HIV in Chile, Who Switch From Oral Therapy to Long-acting Injectable Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine
Retrospective/Prospective Pilot Study to Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Switching to BIC/FTC/TAF in PWH With a Previous Virological Failure Under CAB/RPV LAI
Retrospective and prospective multicenter study evaluating long term effectiveness and safety of cabotegravir and rilpivirine in real life as a long-acting treatment in people living with hiv after its implementation in spain. relativity cohort
Who cites it
104 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 194 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Lenacapavir Use in France: A National, Observational Study (LENAddOn).Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacokinetics by Body Mass Index Category in Phase 3/3b Long-Acting Cabotegravir Plus Rilpivirine Trials.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine Long-Acting: Overview of Injection Guidance, Injection Site Reactions, and Best Practices for Intramuscular Injection Administration.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Trial
- Trial
- A detailed characterization of drug resistance during darunavir/ritonavir monotherapy highlights a high barrier to the emergence of resistance mutations in protease but identifies alternative pathways of resistance.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Trial
- Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine Dosed Every 2 Months in Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Type 1 Infection: 152-Week Results From ATLAS-2M, a Randomized, Open-Label, Phase 3b, Noninferiority Study.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2023Trial
- Impact of Integrase Sequences from HIV-1 Subtypes A6/A1 on theAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2022Trial
- Diagnostic and Therapeutic Perspectives on Persistent HIV-1 Low-Level Viremia.Infection & chemotherapy · 2026Review
- Long-Acting Injectable Antiretroviral Therapies for HIV Treatment and Prevention: Clinical Pharmacology, Recent Advances and Future Opportunities.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Review
- Effect of Non-nucleoside Resistance-Associated Mutations on the Effectiveness of Long-Acting Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine Therapy: Insights From the Real-World RELATIVITY Cohort.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Cabotegravir+rilpivirine long-acting every 2 months in a real-world setting: 24-month outcomes in people with HIV-1.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- HIV-1 virome profiling using HIV-PULSE to guide therapeutic and curative interventions.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- External Evaluation of Population Pharmacokinetic Models of Cabotegravir, During Its Oral and Intramuscular Administration in HIV-Infected Patients.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2026Observational
- Emerging Trends in HIV-1 Sub-Subtype A6 in Belgium: Transmission Dynamics, Drug Resistance, and Subtyping Tool Evaluation.Viruses · 2026Article
- Long-Acting Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine, Lenacapavir, and Ibalizumab Use Among Persons With HIV-1 Viremia at a Ryan White-Funded Clinic in the Urban US South.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2026Article
- HIV-1 virologic failure in the RESINA cohort: lessons from two decades of real-world data.Infection · 2026Article
- [Early virological failure with long-acting cabotegravir/rilpivirine: description of two cases].Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Article
- The Epidemiology of HIV-1 Resistance to Two-Drug Regimens in Multicenter Cohort From Poland-A Cross-Sectional Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Cabotegravir plus Rilpivirine for Persons with HIV and Adherence Challenges.The New England journal of medicine · 2026Article
44 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveEfficacy and safety of long-acting cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) dosed intramuscularly every 4 or 8 weeks has been demonstrated in three Phase 3 trials. Here, factors associated with virologic failure at Week 48 were evaluated post hoc. DESIGN AND
methodsData from 1039 adults naive to long-acting CAB+RPV were pooled in a multivariable analysis to examine the influence of baseline viral and participant factors, dosing regimen and drug concentrations on confirmed virologic failure (CVF) occurrence using a logistic regression model. In a separate model, baseline factors statistically associated with CVF were further evaluated to understand CVF risk when present alone or in combination.
resultsOverall, 1.25% (n = 13/1039) of participants experienced CVF. Proviral RPV resistance-associated mutations (RAMs), HIV-1 subtype A6/A1, higher BMI (associated with Week 8 CAB trough concentration) and lower Week 8 RPV trough concentrations were significantly associated (P < 0.05) with increased odds of CVF (all except RPV trough are knowable at baseline). Few participants (0.4%) with zero or one baseline factor had CVF. Only a combination of at least two baseline factors (observed in 3.4%; n = 35/1039) was associated with increased CVF risk (25.7%, n = 9/35).
conclusionCVF is an infrequent multifactorial event, with a rate of approximately 1% in the long-acting CAB+RPV arms across Phase 3 studies (FLAIR, ATLAS and ATLAS-2M) through Week 48. Presence of at least two of proviral RPV RAMs, HIV-1 subtype A6/A1 and/or BMI at least 30 kg/m2 was associated with increased CVF risk. These findings support the use of long-acting CAB+RPV in routine clinical practice.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.