ArticlePlacenta2021
Chronic villitis of unknown etiology: Investigations into viral pathogenesis.
Article in Placenta, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Associations of Serum Inflammatory Biomarkers During Pregnancy With Placental Pathology and Placental Gene Expression at Delivery.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2025Trial
- Clinicopathologic and molecular landscape of villitis of unknown etiology: insights from a large-scale case-control study in PR China.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2026Article
- Comprehensive pathogen diagnostics in wild fish populations using blood-based molecular strategies: an Atlantic herring case study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Pan-viral metagenomic sequencing demonstrates that cryptic viral infection is rarely observed in villitis of unknown etiology.Placenta · 2025Article
- Defining Appropriate Comparator Populations for Placental Pathology for Pregnant People With HIV.International journal of surgical pathology · 2025Article
- Immunohistochemical Profiling of Interferon-Stimulated Genes in Histopathological Specimens: A Potential Screening Approach for Viral Infections.APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica · 2025Article
- Prevalence of Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Villitis of Unknown Etiology in the Placenta of Saudi Women and Their Association with Baby Sex.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Interdisciplinary fetal-neonatal neurology training applies neural exposome perspectives to neurology principles and practice.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Type VII Aplasia Cutis Congenita in Neonates Related to Maternal HBV Infection? Case Report and Literature Review.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Hypertensive disease, preterm birth, fetal growth restriction and chronic inflammatory disorders of the placenta: experiences in a single institution with a standardized protocol of investigation.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2022Article
- Is the Placenta Inflamed in Cardiovascular Disease?JACC. Advances · 2022Article
- Chronic Inflammatory Placental Disorders Associated With Recurrent Adverse Pregnancy Outcome.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Expression of Immune Checkpoint Receptors in Placentae With Infectious and Non-Infectious Chronic Villitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionChronic villitis of unknown etiology (VUE) is a chronic inflammatory lesion of third trimester placenta, which contributes to major adverse obstetric outcomes. However, the inciting factors and mechanisms by which VUE contributes to adverse outcomes are poorly understood. This limits our ability to develop preventions or interventions. Our goals were to determine whether viruses can be detected in placental tissues with VUE and to determine whether gene expression profiles support an antiviral response.
methodsWe extracted RNA and DNA from 20 placentas with high-grade chronic villitis and 20 control placentas without inflammation. Viruses were assessed using ViroCap viral nucleic acid enrichment coupled with metagenomic sequencing. RNA sequencing was used to evaluate the inflammatory gene expression profiles in each placenta.
resultsWe detected at least 1 virus in 50% of the samples tested. We found that herpesviruses, were found more frequently in cases compared with controls (P = 0.01). Antiviral pathways, including defense response to virus, interferon gamma response, and IFN alpha/beta response, were upregulated in cases. We observed two clusters of gene expression profiles in the VUE cases, suggesting multiple inflammatory profiles are associated with VUE. DISCUSSION: These data support a viral etiology for some cases of VUE. Furthermore, gene expression profiles suggest the possibility of more than one cause or manifestation of VUE. Viral mechanisms should be explored as potential targets for prevention or intervention in VUE.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.