ArticleJCO global oncology2021
Retrospective Analysis of Presentation, Treatment, and Outcomes of Multiple Myeloma at a Large Public Referral Hospital in Eldoret, Kenya.
Article in JCO global oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Epidemiology of Monoclonal Gammopathies in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of MGUS and Multiple Myeloma.Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH · 2026Pooled it
- Monoclonal Gammopathies in Africa.Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia · 2025Review
- Expanding Myeloma Training and Care in Western Kenya Through the ECHO Model: The Pilot Phase.JCO global oncology · 2024Article
- Global disparities in patients with multiple myeloma: a rapid evidence assessment.Blood cancer journal · 2023Article
- Medical practitioners' knowledge and awareness of multiple myeloma at public hospitals, Gauteng, South Africa.South African family practice : official journal of the South African Academy of Family Practice/Primary Care · 2023Article
- Immunophenotypic expression profile of multiple myeloma cases at a tertiary hospital in Nairobi Kenya.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTreatment patterns and survival outcomes of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) in Kenya have not been adequately characterized. The objectives of this study were to describe the clinical, laboratory, and imaging findings at diagnosis, to describe the treatment offered, and to determine the survival outcomes of patients with MM over an 11-year period. PATIENTS AND
methodsA retrospective chart review was carried out for all patients who were diagnosed and treated for MM at Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital from 2009 to 2019. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate survival. Factors affecting survival were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses.
resultsA total of 221 patient charts were analyzed of which 124 belonged to male patients (56.1%). The median age at diagnosis was 61 years. Bone pain was the most common presenting complaint observed in 69.6% of 194 patients assessed. Out of 102 patients who received imaging studies, 60 (58.8%) had lytic lesions, 30 (29.4%) had fractures, whereas 30 (29.4%) had spinal cord compression. Anemia, renal failure, and hypercalcemia were observed in 87/187 (46.5%), 22/161 (13.7%), and 23/42 (54.8%) patients, respectively. Thalidomide and dexamethasone (65.2%); bortezomib, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (14.6%); and melphalan and prednisolone (11.9%) were the most prescribed initial chemotherapy regimens among 219 patients analyzed. Overall survival at 1 and 5 years was 70% and 21%, respectively; median overall survival was 29.0 months. In multivariate analysis, male sex (hazard ratio [HR] 1.9), baseline anemia (HR 1.8), and baseline renal failure (HR 3.2) were associated with significantly shorter survival.
conclusionSurvival outcomes were poor despite increased use of multiagent-based chemotherapy regimens. Greater access to available diagnostics and treatments is required to achieve rational treatment and increased survival.
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