ArticleImmunology2021
The red blood cell as a novel regulator of human B-cell activation.
Article in Immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune regulation by erythroid cells: how erythroid progenitor cells and mature red blood cells shape immunity.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Characterization of the bone marrow architecture of multiple myeloma using spatial transcriptomics.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Research progress in RBC alloimmunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Aberrant GPA expression and regulatory function of red blood cells in sickle cell disease.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Tumor cell-intrinsic and tumor microenvironmental conditions co-determine signaling by the glycoimmune checkpoint receptor Siglec-7.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2023Article
- Leukemia can be Effectively Early Predicted in Routine Physical Examination with the Assistance of Machine Learning Models.Journal of healthcare engineering · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Non-immune cells are increasingly recognized as important in regulating immunity, but the role of red blood cells (RBC) remains relatively unexplored, despite their abundance in the circulation and a cell surface rich in potential ligands. Here, we determine whether RBC influence the activation state of human B cells. Separation of RBC from peripheral blood mononuclear cells increased B-cell expression of HLA-DR/DP/DQ, whilst reconstitution reduced the levels of B-cell activation markers HLA-DR/DP/DQ, CD86, CD69 and CD40, as well as decreasing proliferative responses and IgM secretion. Inhibition of B cells required contact with RBC and was abrogated by either removal of sialic acids from RBC or blocking the corresponding lectin receptor CD22 on B cells. Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia B cells express low levels of CD22 and were less susceptible to inhibition by RBC, which may contribute to their activated phenotype. Taken together, the results identify a novel mechanism that may suppress inappropriate responsiveness of healthy B cells whilst circulating in the bloodstream.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.