ArticleStem cells international2021
Gender-Specific Response in Pain and Function to Biologic Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis: A Gender-Bias-Mitigated, Observational, Intention-to-Treat Study at Two Years.
Article in Stem cells international, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex bias consideration in healthcare machine-learning research: a systematic review in rheumatoid arthritis.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Pooled it
- SPOT: An Early Detection Tool for Predicting Pain Trajectories Following Intra-Articular Injections.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Trial
- Phenotypic Factors and Celecoxib Efficacy in Knee OA: A Post‑hoc Pooled Analysis of Two Randomized, Double‑Blind, Placebo‑Controlled Trials.Pain and therapy · 2026Article
- Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue (MFAT) in Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine: A Narrative Review of the Biological Basis and Clinical Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Adipose-derived and bone marrow aspirate concentrate injections for osteoarthritis: A scoping review.PM & R : the journal of injury, function, and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- A Review of Clinical Studies of Stromal Vascular Fraction for the Treatment of Osteoarthritis with a Follow-up Period of Over Two Years.Stem cell reviews and reports · 2025Review
- Sex differences in intra-articular treatment outcomes for knee osteoarthritis: Current evidence and research gaps: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of experimental orthopaedics · 2025Article
- Predicting Long-Term Benefits of Micro-Fragmented Adipose Tissue Therapy in Knee Osteoarthritis: Three-Year Follow-Up on Pain Relief and Mobility.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Biases in Artificial Intelligence Application in Pain Medicine.Journal of pain research · 2025Review
- Article
- Article
- Reasons for the Sex Bias in Osteoarthritis Research: A Review of Preclinical Studies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Mesenchymal stem cells for subchondral bone marrow lesions: From bench to bedside.Bone reports · 2022Article
- Microfragmented Adipose Tissue Injection (MFAT) May Be a Solution to the Rationing of Total Knee Replacement: A Prospective, Gender-Bias Mitigated, Reproducible Analysis at Two Years.Stem cells international · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Knee osteoarthritis is a major cause of disability worldwide. Newer modalities of treatment with less morbidity, such as intra-articular injection of microfragmented fat (MFAT), are showing promise. We report on our novel observation that women show a greater improvement in pain and function to MFAT than men. Traditionally, women have been underrepresented in studies and studies with both sexes regularly fail to analyze the results by sex. To mitigate for this bias and quantify it, we describe a technique using reproducible statistical analysis and replicable results with Open Access statistical software R to calculate the magnitude of this difference. Genetic, hormonal, environmental, and age factors play a role in our observed difference between the sexes. There is a need for further studies to identify the molecular basis for this difference and be able to utilize it to improve outcome for both women and men.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.