Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33727641›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Myoglobin and C-reactive protein are efficient and reliable early predictors of COVID-19 associated mortality.

Ashaq Ali, Muhammad Noman, Yong Guo, Xu Liu, Rong Zhang, Juan Zhou, Yang Zheng, Xian-En Zhang, Yong Qi, Xiaohua Chen and 1 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. ACE2 deficiency protects against heme protein-induced acute kidney injury.American journal of physiology. Renal physiology · 2025
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  9. Variability of Steroid Prescription for COVID-19 Associated Pneumonia in Real-Life, Non-Trial Settings.Journal of critical care medicine (Universitatea de Medicina si Farmacie din Targu-Mures) · 2022
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  10. Interferon pathway lupus risk alleles modulate risk of death from acute COVID-19.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2022
    Article
  11. Review
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  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Interferon pathway lupus risk alleles modulate risk of death from acute COVID-19.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2021
    Article
  18. Observational
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.

Ashaq Ali *State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Muhammad Noman *College of Life Science, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
Yong Guo *Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theatre Command, PLA, Wuhan, 430070, China.
Xu Liu *Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, 445000, Hubei, China.
Rong ZhangDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, PLA, Guangzhou, 510010, China.
Juan ZhouState Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
Yang ZhengNational Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Xian-En ZhangNational Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
Yong QiMedical Department, General Hospital of Central Theatre Command, PLA, Wuhan, 430070, China. qiy9527@163.com.
Xiaohua ChenDepartment of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theatre Command, PLA, Wuhan, 430070, China. cxhniuniu@163.com.
Dong MenState Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Center for Biosafety Mega-Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China. d.men@wh.iov.cn.
Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNGeneral Hospital of Central Theater CommandCentral Hospital of Wuhan · CNInstitute of Biophysics · CNJilin Agricultural University · CNMinzu University of China · CNThird Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University · CNUniversity of Chinese Academy of Sciences · CNWuhan Institute of Virology · CN

Funding

Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences 2014308
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, numerous studies have been attempting to determine biomarkers, which could rapidly and efficiently predict COVID-19 severity, however there is lack of consensus on a specific one. This retrospective cohort study is a comprehensive analysis of the initial symptoms, comorbidities and laboratory evaluation of patients, diagnosed with COVID-19 in Huoshenshan Hospital, Wuhan, from 4th February to 12th March, 2020. Based on the data collected from 63 severely ill patients from the onset of symptoms till the full recovery or demise, we found not only age (average 70) but also blood indicators as significant risk factors associated with multiple organ failure. The blood indices of all patients showed hepatic, renal, cardiac and hematopoietic dysfunction with imbalanced coagulatory biomarkers. We noticed that the levels of LDH (85%, P < .001), HBDH (76%, P < .001) and CRP (65%, P < .001) were significantly elevated in deceased patients, indicating hepatic impairment. Similarly, increased CK (15%, P = .002), Cre (37%, P = 0.102) and CysC (74%, P = 0.384) indicated renal damage. Cardiac injury was obvious from the significantly elevated level of Myoglobin (52%, P < .01), Troponin-I (65%, P = 0.273) and BNP (50%, P = .787). SARS-CoV-2 disturbs the hemolymphatic system as WBC# (73%, P = .002) and NEUT# (78%, P < .001) were significantly elevated in deceased patients. Likewise, the level of D-dimer (80%, P < .171), PT (87%, P = .031) and TT (57%, P = .053) was elevated, indicating coagulatory imbalances. We identified myoglobin and CRP as specific risk factors related to mortality and highly correlated to organ failure in COVID-19 disease.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overBiomarkersComorbidityCOVID-19C-Reactive ProteinFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultiple Organ FailureMyoglobinRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsSARS-CoV-2Severity of Illness IndexBiomarkersC-Reactive ProteinMyoglobinTroponin I

Identifiers

PMID33727641
PMCPMC7971049
OpenAlexW3137691369

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.