Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33727609›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Electronegative very-low-density lipoprotein induces brain inflammation and cognitive dysfunction in mice.

Ying-Shao Lin, Ching-Kuan Liu, Hsiang-Chun Lee, Mei-Chuan Chou, Liang-Yin Ke, Chu-Huang Chen, Shiou-Lan Chen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Very low-density lipoprotein and the human health.World journal of experimental medicine · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Cellular basis of HFpEF: contributions of abnormal lipids.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ying-Shao Lin *Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
Ching-Kuan Liu *Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
Hsiang-Chun LeeDivision of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, KMU Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Mei-Chuan ChouDepartment of Neurology, KMU Hospital, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Liang-Yin KeLipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Chu-Huang ChenGraduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.
Shiou-Lan ChenGraduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan. shioulan@kmu.edu.tw.ORCID 0000-0003-3995-0276
Kaohsiung Medical University · TW

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Epidemiologic studies have indicated that dyslipidemia may facilitate the progression of cognitive dysfunction. We previously showed that patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) had significantly higher plasma levels of electronegative very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) than did healthy controls. However, the effects of electronegative-VLDL on the brain and cognitive function remain unclear. In this study, VLDL isolated from healthy volunteers (nVLDL) or patients with MetS (metVLDL) was administered to mice by means of tail vein injection. Cognitive function was assessed by using the Y maze test, and plasma and brain tissues were analyzed. We found that mice injected with metVLDL but not nVLDL exhibited significant hippocampus CA3 neuronal cell loss and cognitive dysfunction. In mice injected with nVLDL, we observed mild glial cell activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus CA3. However, in mice injected with metVLDL, plasma and brain TNF-α and Aβ-42 levels and glial cell activation in the mPFC and whole hippocampus were higher than those in control mice. In conclusion, long-term exposure to metVLDL induced levels of TNF-α, Aβ-42, and glial cells in the brain, contributing to the progression of cognitive dysfunction. Our findings suggest that electronegative-VLDL levels may represent a new therapeutic target for cognitive dysfunction.

Indexed as

CA3 Region, HippocampalCognitive DysfunctionPrefrontal CortexAnimalsDyslipidemiasHumansInflammationLipoproteins, VLDLMaleMetabolic SyndromeMiceLipoproteins, VLDL

Identifiers

PMID33727609
PMCPMC7966811
OpenAlexW3137863064

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.