ArticleNeurology2021
New Ethical and Clinical Challenges in "Closed-Loop" Neuromodulation.
Article in Neurology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Neuromodulation using Bioelectronics-enabled therapies to combat insulin resistance and its comorbidities.Journal of diabetes and metabolic disorders · 2026Review
- Epilepsy: Molecular Pathogenesis and Emerging Therapies.MedComm · 2026Review
- Unlocking a Novel Therapeutic Modality: Low-Intensity Transcranial Ultrasound as a Key to CNS Treatment - A Bibliometric and Systematic Review.Journal of central nervous system disease · 2026Review
- Ethical, legal, and social issues related to ingestible, implantable electronic devices and mRNA delivery devices.Device · 2025Article
- Ethical gaps in closed-loop neurotechnology: a scoping review.NPJ digital medicine · 2025Article
- Tumor-infiltrating nerves: unraveling the role of cancer neuroscience in tumorigenesis, disease progression, and emerging therapies.Discover oncology · 2025Review
- Article
- Patient experiences of resection versus responsive neurostimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy.Epilepsy & behavior : E&B · 2024Article
- Qualitative Analysis of Decision to Pursue Electrical Brain Stimulation by Patients With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy and Their Caregivers.Neurology. Clinical practice · 2024Article
- Future opportunities for research in rescue treatments.Epilepsia · 2022Review
- A Patient Perspective on Seizure Detection and Forecasting.Frontiers in neurology · 2022Article
- Guidelines for Conducting Ethical Artificial Intelligence Research in Neurology: A Systematic Approach for Clinicians and Researchers.Neurology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Neurostimulation provides a new dimension in the treatment of neurologic disorders. For patients with drug-resistant epilepsy, the Responsive Neurostimulation (RNS) System (NeuroPace, Inc.) provides treatment of seizures with a closed-loop device that continuously records brain activity and provides stimulation designed to reduce seizure frequency over time. The presence of a chronic implanted device that can provide an electrographic record of neural activity provides great opportunities for treatment of seizure disorders and neuroscience research. However, our experience with this device indicates that a number of ethical and clinical challenges arise, and these issues may be applicable to neurotechnology developed for other disease states in the future. We present clinical scenarios based on cases from our center that present clinical or ethical dilemmas. The dilemmas revolve around 4 core themes: (1) electroclinical correlation and dissociation; (2) patient concerns about device capabilities; (3) clinician opportunities and burdens; and (4) data ownership and access. Developing a framework for understanding these issues will be critical as closed-loop neuromodulation is applied to a growing range of neuropsychiatric disorders.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.