ArticleArchives of disease in childhood2021
Risk factors for intellectual disability in children with spastic cerebral palsy.
Article in Archives of disease in childhood, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- An Interpretable Machine Learning Model for Predicting Intellectual Disability in Children With Cerebral Palsy.Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR · 2026Article
- Fertility Rates Among Women With Intellectual and Developmental Disability Enrolled in Medicaid and/or Medicare, 2011-2022.Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology · 2026Article
- The Mental Health of Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Review of the Last Five Years of Research.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting intellectual disability in children with cerebral palsy.International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHPArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCerebral palsy (CP) is a non-progressive disorder of posture and movement caused by prenatal or perinatal lesions of the brain. Children with CP are also at increased risk of other disabilities, for example, intellectual disability. Previous studies suggest the risk of intellectual disability varies in complex ways according to the type of motor impairment and perinatal factors such as gestational age.
objectiveTo determine the patterns of risk of intellectual disability in children with spastic CP.
designCross-sectional, population-based study using the Northern Ireland Cerebral Palsy Register.
participantsPersons born in 1981-2008 with congenital bilateral or unilateral spastic CP (N=1452). OUTCOME MEASURE: The outcome measure was severe intellectual disability (IQ <50), as reported by clinicians known to the child. Data pertaining to CP subtype, sex, gestational age, birth weight and functional level were included in analyses.
resultsSevere intellectual disability was significantly more prevalent in children with bilateral spastic CP (BSCP) compared with children with unilateral spastic CP (χ² (2)=162.60, p<0.001). Compared with very preterm infants with BSCP, the risk of intellectual disability increased in moderately preterm (OR=3.97, 95% CI 1.04 to 15.23) and at-term (OR=2.51, 95% CI 1.16 to 5.44) children with BSCP.
conclusionsChildren with BSCP are at increased risk of intellectual disability, with those born at term at the highest risk. The findings highlight the importance of early screening, particularly for children with BSCP born at term.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.