ArticleBMC public health2021
Low health literacy is associated with higher risk of type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study in Germany.
Article in BMC public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Nutritional Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the European Union: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Association of socioeconomic status and lifestyle factors with incident diabetes among individuals with prediabetes: a prospective cohort study from UK Biobank.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Association between health literacy and the need for hemodialysis in patients with type 2 diabetes: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Conceptual validation of a family-centered intervention for adults with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: insights from focus groups with healthcare professionals, patients, and families.BMC primary care · 2026Article
- Contextual impact of socio-economic inequalities on health: a case study of COVID-19 mortality among populations with and without diabetes in France.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Census-tract broadband connectivity and the risk of diabetes, hypertension and obesity/overweight in California.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Association between atherogenic index of plasma and type 2 diabetes in women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional study.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2025Article
- Pathways linking health literacy to diabetes risk scores in a non-diabetic population in Ismailia, Egypt: a cross sectional study design.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Exploring the Association between Health Literacy and Diabetes Risk in Adults: Insights from a Pilot Study in Leiria.Portuguese journal of public health · 2025Article
- The Effectiveness of a Custom AI Chatbot for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Health Literacy: Development and Evaluation Study.Journal of medical Internet research · 2025Article
- Association of Health Information Literacy and Health Outcomes Among Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Syndrome.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2025Article
- [Establishing and implementing the National Action Plan Health Literacy in Germany].Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz · 2025Review
- Health literacy and self-care among adult immigrants with type 2 diabetes: a scoping review.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Impact of Education as a Social Determinant on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- County Rurality and Incidence and Prevalence of Diagnosed Diabetes in the United States.Mayo Clinic proceedings · 2024Observational
- Cross-sectional study on prevalence and risk factors of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among patients with hypertension attending St. Orsola Catholic Mission Hospital, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Health literacy among people at risk or with type 2 diabetes in Norwegian primary care-A cross sectional study.PloS one · 2024Article
- Type 2 diabetes severity in the workforce: An occupational sector analysis using German claims data.PloS one · 2024Article
- Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Sarcopenia as Comorbid Chronic Diseases in Older Adults: Established and Emerging Treatments and Therapies.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2023Review
- Chronic disease prevention literacy and its influence on behavior and lifestyle: a cross-sectional study in Xinjiang, China.BMC public health · 2023Article
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7 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLow health literacy is believed to be associated with behaviours that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes. But there is limited knowledge on the relation between health literacy (HL) and diabetes risk, and whether improving HL could be a potential prevention strategy. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to examine the link between HL and diabetes risk among non-diabetic adults.
methodsWe used data from the Hamburg Diabetes Prevention Survey, a population-based cross-sectional study in Germany. One thousand, two hundred and fifty-five non-diabetic subjects aged 18-60 years were eligible. The German Diabetes Risk Score (GDRS, ranging 0 to 123 points) was used to determine the individual risk of type 2 diabetes. The short version of the European Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16, ranging 0 to 16 points) was applied to assess the individual self-reported HL. Subjects were asked to self-estimate their diabetes risk, which was then compared with the calculated GDRS. Descriptive statistics were calculated to investigate group differences in the GDRS and self-estimated diabetes risk. Linear as well as logistic regression models were performed to analyse potential influencing variables of the GDRS as well as incorrect self-estimated diabetes risk. In three nested statistical models for each outcome, these analyses were adjusted for age, gender, educational level and the presence of chronic conditions.
resultsAccording to the criteria of the GDRS, 996 (79.4%) subjects showed "low risk", 176 (14.0%) "still low risk", 53 (4.2%) "elevated risk", and 30 (2.4%) "high to very high risk" to develop type 2 diabetes within the next 5 years. In the statistical models including all control variables, subjects with "inadequate HL" scored 2.38 points higher on the GDRS (95% CI 0.378 to 4.336; P = 0.020) and had a 2.04 greater chance to estimate their diabetes risk incorrectly (OR 2.04; 95% CI 1.33 to 3.14; P = 0.001) compared to those with "sufficient HL".
conclusionThe risk of type 2 diabetes is increased in people with inadequate self-reported HL. People with high diabetes risk and inadequate HL might be provided with educational programs to improve diabetes knowledge and reduce behavioural risk factors.
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