Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33725563›Full record

ArticleMarine pollution bulletin2021

Mortality of a juvenile Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus, Spheniscidae) associated with the ingestion of a PFF-2 protective mask during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Hugo Gallo Neto, Carla Gomes Bantel, John Browning, Natalia Della Fina, Tami Albuquerque Ballabio, Fabio Teles de Santana, Mariana de Karam E Britto, Carla Beatriz Barbosa

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Marine pollution bulletin, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  3. Article
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  5. Different weathering conditions affect the release of microplastics by masks.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023
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  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
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  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Hugo Gallo NetoArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: baseubatuba@institutoargonauta.org.
Carla Gomes BantelArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
John BrowningFaculty of Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Natalia Della FinaArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Tami Albuquerque BallabioArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Fabio Teles de SantanaArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mariana de Karam E BrittoArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.
Carla Beatriz BarbosaArgonauta Institute for Coastal and Marine Conservation, Ubatuba, São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report the discovery of a dead Magellanic penguin (Spheniscus magellanicus) found on Juquehy Beach (23°46'S 45°44'W), municipality of São Sebastião, Brazil, on September 9th 2020. Following necropsy, we noted the presence of an adult size PFF-2 protective mask within the stomach of the penguin which we inferred as the cause of death. As far as we are aware, this is the first recorded instance of marine animal mortality by protective face mask ingestion. Whilst concerns have been raised relating microplastic contamination in marine environments from Covid-19 related waste, there has been relatively less attention paid to the potential risk of macro-scale contaminants, such as protective face coverings. We suggest that Covid-19 related macro contaminants be considered in coastal marine risk assessments and urge further research on this topic.

Indexed as

COVID-19SpheniscidaeAnimalsBrazilEatingHumansPandemicsPlasticsSARS-CoV-2PlasticsArgonauta instituteCoastal BrazilCovid-19Magellanic penguinsMarine litterProtective masks

Identifiers

PMID33725563
PMCPMC7954659

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.