ReviewAdvances in experimental medicine and biology2021
Immunoregulatory Effects of Tolerogenic Probiotics in Multiple Sclerosis.
Review in Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Role of Gut Microbiome in the Pathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.Cells · 2023Pooled it
- Therapeutic Remodeling of the Gut Microbiome as a Strategy to Restore Immune Tolerance in Autoimmunity.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- The M2 Macrophages Importance Role in Psoriasis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2025Review
- The microbiota-gut-brain axis in myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome: a narrative review of an emerging field.European journal of translational myology · 2025Article
- Expression of microRNAs in the detection and therapeutic roles of viral infections: Mechanisms and applications.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Review
- Revolutionizing Cancer Treatment: Unveiling the Power of CAR T-cell Therapy.Current pharmaceutical design · 2025Review
- The gut microbiome: an important role in neurodegenerative diseases and their therapeutic advances.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2024Review
- The role of HLA genotypes in understanding the pathogenesis of severe COVID-19.The Egyptian journal of medical human genetics · 2023Review
- Regulatory NK cells in autoimmune disease.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2023Review
- Clinical Application Value ofClinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2022Article
- SARS-CoV-2 triggering autoimmune diseases.Cytokine · 2022Review
- The Histamine and Multiple Sclerosis Alliance: Pleiotropic Actions and Functional Validation.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2022Article
- Inhibitory effects of tolerogenic probiotics on migratory potential of lupus patient-derived DCs.Iranian journal of basic medical sciences · 2021Article
- The Gut Microbiome in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME)/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS).Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Biodiversity of Gut Microbiota: Impact of Various Host and Environmental Factors.BioMed research international · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gut microbiota has essential roles in the prevention and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS). The association between the gut microbiota and the central nervous system (CNS) or immune system response of MS patients has been documented in many studies. The composition of the gut microbiota could lead to sensitization or resistance against promotion and development of MS disease. Probiotics are the major part of gut microflorapopulation and could be substituted with tolerogenic probiotics that protect the CNS against autoimmune responses. Tolerogenic probiotics with anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory properties have effects on intestinal flora and can reestablish regulatory mucosal and systemic immune responses. Probiotics are able to prevent and restore excessive activation of inflammatory responses, especially autoreactive T cells and inflammatory cytokines. Tolerogenic probiotics, through induction of regulatory T cells and increase of anti-inflammatory cytokines, play a crucial role in controlling inflammation and maintaining tolerance and hemostasis. Therefore, probiotics can be considered as a preventive or therapeutic tool in MS. In the present review, we focus on the immunoregulatory effects of tolerogenic probiotics on the severity of disease, as well as Th1, Th2, and Treg populations in different experimental and human studies of MS.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.