Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33725298›Full record

ArticleJournal of religion and health2021

Moral Injury and the Absurd: The suffering of moral paradox.

Wesley H Fleming

Abstract read
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of religion and health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
8.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Moral Injury and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in War: The Effect of Marital Status and Previous Genocidal Trauma.International journal of psychology : Journal international de psychologie · 2026
    Article
  4. Defining Moral Injury: A Natural Scaffold.Journal of religion and health · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. War trauma impacts in Ukrainian combat and civilian populations: Moral injury and associated mental health symptoms.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2024
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Complex Moral Injury: Shattered Moral Assumptions.Journal of religion and health · 2022
    Review
  17. Contextual dimensions of moral injury: An interdisciplinary review.Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2022
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Wesley H FlemingSyracuse VAMC, 800 Irving Ave, Syracuse, NY, 13210, USA. weshfleming@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4334-5554
SUNY Upstate Medical University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Drawing upon qualitative and construct validity evidence within MI research and the oral histories of combat-exposed Veterans, this paper explores the role of moral paradox (MP) as a precondition of moral injury (MI). Research is recommended to clearly delineate MP as a causative factor leading to more intractable cases of MI in the definitional literature, beyond the recognized impact of perpetration and betrayal-based conditions. Veteran stories collected during the normal course of providing spiritual care to combat-exposed Veterans and used by permission will provide insight into the theoretical concepts and interrelations of MP; proposed here as: circumstances in which moral obligations and/or ethical values come into conflict, forcing a choice between sides, none of which can be honored without violating the other. Acquainted with religious traditions that elucidate the perplexity and liberating effects of paradox, the work of Chaplains will also be recommended to address the problem of MP in wartime situations, highlighting the efficacy of acceptance-based spiritual interventions and therapeutic programs. Psychological and spiritual interventions that facilitate self-transcendence and non-dual awareness through experiential acceptance and a subscale measuring paradox-induced injury will be recommended for future research as well.

Indexed as

Stress Disorders, Post-TraumaticVeteransClergyHumansMoralsSpiritualityAbsurdismChaplainExperiential acceptanceMoral injuryMoral paradoxNon-dual awarenessPTSDVeterans

Identifiers

PMID33725298
OpenAlexW3138026420

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.