ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2021
IL-1α Mediates Innate and Acquired Resistance to Immunotherapy in Melanoma.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overcoming melanoma drug resistance: Mechanisms and clinical progress of oncolytic viruses combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors (Review).Oncology reports · 2026Review
- Uncovering the Intricate and Heterogeneous Cellular Microenvironment of Cutaneous Melanoma.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Review
- IL1R1 blockade augments CD40 agonist mediated immunity in pancreatic cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Tumor Microenvironmental Dynamics in Shaping Resistance to Therapeutic Interventions in Melanoma: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Constitutive expression of the transcriptional co-activator IκBζ promotes melanoma growth and immunotherapy resistance.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Intratumoral neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio is mirrored by circulating neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in non-small cell lung cancer.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Safety, tolerability, and preliminary efficacy of nadunolimab, an anti-IL- 1 receptor accessory protein monoclonal antibody, in combination with pembrolizumab in patients with solid tumors.Investigational new drugs · 2025Article
- Targeting Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase (nNOS) as a Novel Approach to Enhancing the Anti-Melanoma Activity of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Article
- IL-1R1 Blockade Boosts CD40 Agonist Immune Responses but Fails to Improve Efficacy or Reduce Hepatotoxicity in Pancreatic Cancer.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Intratumoral Collagen Deposition Supports Angiogenesis Suggesting Anti-angiogenic Therapy in Armored and Cold Tumors.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Targeting molecular pathways to control immune checkpoint inhibitor toxicities.Trends in immunology · 2025Review
- Alarmins in cutaneous malignant melanoma: An updated overview of emerging evidence on their pathogenetic, diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic role.The Journal of dermatology · 2024Review
- Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and uterine fibroids: Association with PD-L1 activation and collagen deposition.Ageing research reviews · 2024Review
- Targeting inflammation as cancer therapy.Journal of hematology & oncology · 2024Review
- Editorial: Multi-omics analysis of programmed cell death-mediated tumor microenvironment heterogeneity.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Review
- Association between Fluoxetine Use and Overall Survival among Patients with Cancer Treated with PD-1/L1 Immunotherapy.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Dexamethasone and OLT1177 Cooperate in the Reduction of Melanoma Growth by Inhibiting STAT3 Functions.Cells · 2023Article
- Potential therapies for immune-related adverse events associated with immune checkpoint inhibition: from monoclonal antibodies to kinase inhibition.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
13 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Inflammation has long been associated with cancer initiation and progression; however, how inflammation causes immune suppression in the tumor microenvironment and resistance to immunotherapy is not well understood. In this study, we show that both innate proinflammatory cytokine IL-1α and immunotherapy-induced IL-1α make melanoma resistant to immunotherapy. In a mouse melanoma model, we found that tumor size was inversely correlated with response to immunotherapy. Large tumors had higher levels of IL-1α, Th2 cytokines, polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs), and regulatory T cells but lower levels of IL-12, Th1 cytokines, and activated T cells. We found that therapy with adenovirus-encoded CD40L (rAd.CD40L) increased tumor levels of IL-1α and PMN-MDSCs. Blocking the IL-1 signaling pathway significantly decreased rAd.CD40L-induced PMN-MDSCs and their associated PD-L1 expression in the tumor microenvironment and enhanced tumor-specific immunity. Similarly, blocking the IL-1 signaling pathway improved the antimelanoma activity of anti-PD-L1 Ab therapy. Our study suggests that blocking the IL-1α signaling pathway may increase the efficacy of immunotherapies against melanoma.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.