ArticlePhotochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology2021
Sunscreens and their usefulness: have we made any progress in the last two decades?
Article in Photochemical & photobiological sciences : Official journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Tiny Big Difference: Nanotechnology in Photoprotective Innovations - A Systematic Review.AAPS PharmSciTech · 2024Pooled it
- Integrated Visible Light and Oxidant Protection Through Multifunctional Sunscreens.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Article
- Ultraviolet Light-Induced Skin Cancer and the Safety of Sunscreen Use in Pets-An Important but Under Researched Aspect of Companion Animal Health.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Bioinspired Melanoidin-Polyphenol nanocomplex for hair protection and mechanical reinforcement with antioxidant activity.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Cricket Oil-Based Sunscreen Systems: Formulation Design, Ultraviolet Protection Performance, and Preclinical Safety Evaluation.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- The Role of Vitamins and Micronutrients in the Prevention of Melanoma: A Review of Current Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Photoaging: Current Concepts on Molecular Mechanisms, Prevention, and Treatment.American journal of clinical dermatology · 2025Review
- Characterizing the Ultraviolet (UV) Screening Ability of L-5-Sulfanylhistidine Derivatives on Human Dermal Fibroblasts.Marine drugs · 2025Article
- A standardized scoring method for measuring white cast of mineral sunscreens and improving user compliance across diverse skin tones.PloS one · 2025Article
- Awareness and knowledge of sun exposure and use of sunscreen among adults in Aseer region, Saudi Arabia.Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society · 2024Article
- Sunscreen compound benzophenone-3 and its relationship with white blood cell counts.Skin research and technology : official journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI) · 2024Article
- The dark side of beauty: an in-depth analysis of the health hazards and toxicological impact of synthetic cosmetics and personal care products.Frontiers in public health · 2024Review
- Bioconjugation of Vegetable Oils with UV Absorbers: New Approach in Skin Photoprotection.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- An immunomodulating peptide to counteract solar radiation-induced immunosuppression and DNA damage.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Hyperoside as a UV Photoprotective or Photostimulating Compound-Evaluation of the Effect of UV Radiation with Selected UV-Absorbing Organic Compounds on Skin Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- The Use of Hemispheric Directional Reflectance Method to Verify the Usefulness of Filters Protecting the Skin Against Infrared Radiation.Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology · 2023Article
- Educational level-dependent melanoma awareness in a high-risk population in Switzerland.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
- The Use of Calcium Phosphates in Cosmetics, State of the Art and Future Perspectives.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Illuminating the Effect of the Local Environment on the Performance of Organic Sunscreens: Insights From Laser Spectroscopy of Isolated Molecules and Complexes.Frontiers in chemistry · 2021Review
- Global Trends of Sunscreen Research Literature: A Bibliometric Analysis over the Period of 2010-2020.Journal of cutaneous and aesthetic surgeryArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sunscreens have now been around for decades to mitigate the Sun's damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation which, although essential for the existence of life, is a recognized prime carcinogen. Accordingly, have suncreams achieved their intended purposes towards protection against sunburns, skin photo-ageing and the like? Most importantly, however, have they provided the expected protection against skin cancers that current sunscreen products claim to do? In the last two decades, there have been tens, if not hundreds of studies on sunscreens with respect to skin protection against UVB (280‒320 nm)-traditionally sunscreens with rather low sun protection factors (SPF) were intended to protect against this type of radiation-and UVA (320‒400 nm) radiation; a distinction between SPF and UVA protection factor (UVA-PF) is made. Many of the studies of the last two decades have focused on protection against the more skin-penetrating UVA radiation. This non-exhaustive article reviews some of the important facets of what is currently known about sunscreens with regard (i) to the physical UV filters titanium dioxide (TiO
Indexed as
Identifiers
33721254What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.