ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
Sex-Based Heterogeneity in the Clinicopathological Characteristics and Prognosis of Breast Cancer: A Population-Based Analysis.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Influence of tumour grade on disease survival in male breast cancer patients: a systematic review.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2024Pooled it
- Male Breast Cancer: Evaluating the Current Landscape of Diagnosis and Treatment.Breast cancer (Dove Medical Press) · 2025Review
- Analysis of the distinct features of metastasis male breast cancer and its effect on overall survival based on the SEER database compared with female breast cancer.Translational cancer research · 2023Article
- Barriers and Facilitators for Shared Decision Making in Breast Reconstruction among Stakeholders in the Chinese Context: A Qualitative Study.MDM policy & practiceArticle
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo better understand the differences in clinicopathological features and prognosis between male breast cancer (MBC) and female breast cancer (FBC). MATERIAL AND
methodsData on patients diagnosed with breast cancer from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2016, were obtained from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Selected patients were classified into MBC and FBC, of which population demographics and clinicopathological features at baseline were successively extracted for analysis. Comparative analysis was performed to explore the differences in baseline characteristics, followed by propensity-score matching to calibrate the objective distinctions for adjusted analysis. Survival analysis was carried out to investigate divergences presented in prognosis from the two cohorts, and risk factors for prognosis were successively identified using univariate and multivariate COX regression analyses.
resultsA total of 407341 individuals were eligible, including 3111 MBC (0.7%) and 404230 FBC (99.3%) patients. Comparatively, patients with MBC tended to be older at diagnosis, with a higher confirmation of ductal carcinoma, a higher histological grade, a higher TNM stage, a higher proportion of luminal-like subtype, a higher rate of lung metastasis, a lower incidence of liver involvement, and a lower rate of surgical, radiation, and chemotherapeutic delivery. The overall prognosis of MBC was significantly worse than that of FBC, with a decreasing divergence both in median overall survival (65.5 months vs. 72.7 months,
conclusionIn this study, sex-based heterogeneity in clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic profiles was observed in the overall population of patients with breast cancer and was significantly variable among different subgroups. A male-specific design with reasonable endpoints for a clinical trial protocol will be warranted in the future.
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