ArticleFrontiers in oncology2021
Microscopic Invasion of Nerve Is Associated With Aggressive Behaviors in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.
Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictors of disease recurrence after curative surgery for nonfunctioning pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (NF-PanNENs): a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2022Pooled it
- Perineural Invasion Worsens Long-Term Outcomes of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors Following Surgical Resection.Annals of surgical oncology · 2026Article
- The metastatic spectrum in functional and non-functional NENs: mechanistic insights from multi-omics.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- A CT-based interpretable machine learning model for preoperative prediction of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor aggressiveness.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Reappraisal of Malignant Risk Assessment for Small (≤20 mm) Non-functioning Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors.Annals of surgical oncology · 2023Article
- The Landscape and Clinical Application of the Tumor Microenvironment in Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.Cancers · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesThe role of neural invasion has been reported in cancers. Few studies also showed that neural invasion was related to survival rate in patients with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET). The aim of this study is to explore the association between neural invasion and aggressive behaviors in PNET.
methodsAfter excluding those patients with biopsy and with missing histological data, a total 197 patients with PNET who underwent surgery were retrospectively analyzed. The demographic data and histological data were obtained. Aggressive behavior was defined based on extra-pancreatic extension including vascular invasion, organ invasion and lymph node metastases. Logistic regression analyses were used to identify risk factor for aggressive behavior. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed to show the performance of nomograms in evaluating aggressive behavior of PNET.
resultsThe prevalence of neural invasion in the cohort was 10.1% (n = 20). The prevalence of lymph node metastasis, organ invasion, and vascular invasion in PNET patients with neural invasion was higher than those in patients without neural invasion (p < 0.05). Neural invasion was more common in grade 3 (G3) tumors than G1/G2 (p < 0.01). Tumor size, tumor grade, and neural invasion were independent associated factors of aggressive behavior (p < 0.05) after adjusting for possible cofounders in total tumors and G1/G2 tumors. Two nomograms were developed to predict the aggressive behavior. The area under the ROC curve was 0.84 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.77-0.90) for total population and was 0.84 (95% CI: 0.78-0.89) for patients with G1/G2 PNET respectively.
conclusionsNeural invasion is associated with aggressive behavior in PNET. Nomograms based on tumor size, grade and neural invasion show acceptable performances in predicting aggressive behavior in PNET.
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