Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33717999›Full record

ArticleToxicology reports2021

Effect of embedded metal fragments on urinary metal levels and kidney biomarkers in the Sprague-Dawley rat.

Jessica F Hoffman, Vernieda B Vergara, Anya X Fan, John F Kalinich

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Toxicology reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  4. Tungsten toxicity and carcinogenesis.Advances in pharmacology (San Diego, Calif.) · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Jessica F HoffmanInternal Contamination and Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Vernieda B VergaraInternal Contamination and Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Anya X FanInternal Contamination and Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
John F KalinichInternal Contamination and Metal Toxicity Program, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research Institute, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWounds with embedded metal fragments are an unfortunate consequence of armed conflicts. In many cases the exact identity of the metal(s) and their long-term health effects, especially on the kidney, are not known. AIM OF STUDY: The aim of this study was to quantitate the urinary levels of metals solubilized from surgically implanted metal pellets and to assess the effect of these metals on the kidney using a battery of biomarker assays. MATERIALS AND

methodsUsing a rodent model system developed in our Institute to simulate embedded fragment injuries, eight metals considered likely components of an embedded fragment wound were individually implanted into the gastrocnemius muscle of male Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats were followed for 12 months post-implantation with urine collected prior to surgery then at 1-, 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-months post-implantation to provide a within-subjects cohort for examination. Urinary metal levels were determined using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and urinary biomarkers assessed using commercially available kits to determine metal-induced kidney effects.

resultsWith few exceptions, most of the implanted metals rapidly solubilized and were found in the urine at significantly higher levels than in control animals as early as 1-month post-implantation. Surprisingly, many of the biomarkers measured were decreased compared to control at 1-month post-implantation before returning to normal at the later time points. However, two metals, iron and depleted uranium, showed increased levels of several markers at later time points, yet these levels also returned to normal as time progressed.

conclusionThis study showed that metal pellets surgically implanted into the leg muscle of Sprague-Dawley rats rapidly solubilized with significant levels of the implanted metal found in the urine. Although kidney biomarker results were inconsistent, the changes observed along with the relatively low amounts of metal implanted, suggest that metal-induced renal effects need to be considered when caring for individuals with embedded metal fragment wounds.

Indexed as

AAALAC-I, Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care InternationalAFRRI, Armed Forces Radiobiology Research InstituteAl, AluminumALB, AlbuminALP, Alkaline phosphataseB2m, Beta-2-microglobulinBiomarkerCo, CobaltCu, CopperDoD, Department of DefenseDU, Depleted uraniumEmbedded metalsFe, IronIACUC, Institutional Animal Care and Use CommitteeICP-MS, Inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopyIL-18, Interleukin-18KidneyKIM-1, Kidney injury molecule-1LoD, Limit of detectionLoQ, Limit of quantitationNAG, N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidaseNGAL, Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalinNi, NickelOPN, OsteopontinPb, LeadRatRBP, Retinal binding proteinTa, TantalumUrineW, Tungsten

Identifiers

PMID33717999
PMCPMC7933717
OpenAlexW3134266000

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.