Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33717182›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021

Human β-Defensin 2 Mutations Are Associated With Asthma and Atopy in Children and Its Application Prevents Atopic Asthma in a Mouse Model.

Natascha S Borchers, Elisangela Santos-Valente, Antoaneta A Toncheva, Jan Wehkamp, Andre Franke, Vincent D Gaertner, Peter Nordkild, Jon Genuneit, Benjamin A H Jensen, Michael Kabesch

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
2.0field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Copy Number Variation in Asthma: An Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025
    Review
  6. Human beta defensin-2 protects the epithelial barrier during methicillin-resistantFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. The epithelium takes the stage in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Mechanisms and regulation of defensins in host defense.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023
    Review
  11. Immunomodulatory and Allergenic Properties of Antimicrobial Peptides.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Regulatory Peptides in Asthma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Natascha S BorchersDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Regensburg, Germany.
Elisangela Santos-ValenteDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Regensburg, Germany.
Antoaneta A TonchevaDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Regensburg, Germany.
Jan WehkampDepartment of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
Andre FrankeInstitute of Clinical Molecular Biology (IKMB), Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
Vincent D GaertnerDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Regensburg, Germany.
Peter NordkildDefensin Therapeutics ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Jon GenuneitPediatric Epidemiology, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany.
Benjamin A H JensenNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Michael KabeschDepartment of Pediatric Pneumology and Allergy, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO) at Hospital St. Hedwig of the Order of St. John, Regensburg, Germany.
Kiel University · DELeipzig University · DEUniversity of Copenhagen · DKUniversity of Tübingen · DEUniversity of Zurich · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Asthma and allergies are complex, chronic inflammatory diseases in which genetic and environmental factors are crucial. Protection against asthma and allergy development in the context of farming environment is established by early animal contact, unpasteurized milk consumption and gut microbiota maturation. The human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) is a host defense peptide present almost exclusively in epithelial tissues, with pronounced immunomodulatory properties, which has recently been shown to ameliorate asthma and IBD in animal models. We hypothesized that adequate hBD-2 secretion plays a role in the protection against asthma and allergy development and that genetic variations in the complex gene locus coding for hBD-2 may be a risk factor for developing these diseases, if as a consequence, hBD-2 is insufficiently produced. We used MALDI-TOF MS genotyping, sequencing and a RFLP assay to study the genetic variation including mutations, polymorphisms and copy number variations in the locus harboring both genes coding for hBD-2 (

Indexed as

MutationAnimalsAnti-Asthmatic AgentsAsthmabeta-DefensinsBronchoconstrictionCase-Control StudiesChildCytokinesDisease Models, AnimalDNA Copy Number VariationsFemaleGene DosageGenetic Association StudiesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansAnti-Asthmatic Agentsbeta-DefensinsCytokinesDEFB4A protein, humanInflammation MediatorsasthmaatopydefensinhBD-2prevention

Identifiers

PMID33717182
PMCPMC7946850
OpenAlexW3135663809

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.