ArticleJournal of geographical systems2021
Detecting space-time clusters of COVID-19 in Brazil: mortality, inequality, socioeconomic vulnerability, and the relative risk of the disease in Brazilian municipalities.
Article in Journal of geographical systems, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Methods Used in the Spatial and Spatiotemporal Analysis of COVID-19 Epidemiology: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Four million COVID-19 cases in four European cross-border regions reveal minimal cross-border transmission effect on domestic burden: space-time cluster analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Findings and outcomes of hospitalized unvaccinated patients during the COVID-19 pandemic: impact of comorbidities on clinical, laboratory, and immunological parameters.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2025Article
- Spatiotemporal Cluster Detection for COVID-19 Outbreak Surveillance: Descriptive Analysis Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2024Article
- A Bayesian spatio-temporal model of COVID-19 spread in England.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Dimensions of Uncertainty: A spatiotemporal review of five COVID-19 datasets.Cartography and geographic information science · 2024Article
- Unraveling the core symptoms of mental health in senior grade three students- a network analysis.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Agribusiness and the COVID-19 syndemic: The unsustainable pathways.Scandinavian journal of public health · 2023Article
- Spatiotemporal pattern of COVID-19 mortality and its relationship with socioeconomic and environmental factors in England.Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology · 2023Article
- Spatial-temporal distribution of incidence, mortality, and case-fatality ratios of coronavirus disease 2019 and its social determinants in Brazilian municipalities.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Using space-time scan statistic for studying the effects of COVID-19 in Punjab, Pakistan: a guideline for policy measures in regional agriculture.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2023Article
- Dynamic transmission modeling of COVID-19 to support decision-making in Brazil: A scoping review in the pre-vaccine era.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- The burden of big spaces: Russian regions and cities in the COVID-19 pandemic.Letters in spatial and resource sciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Investigating Linkages Between Spatiotemporal Patterns of the COVID-19 Delta Variant and Public Health Interventions in Southeast Asia: Prospective Space-Time Scan Statistical Analysis Method.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Article
- Exploring spatiotemporal patterns of COVID-19 infection in Nagasaki Prefecture in Japan using prospective space-time scan statistics from April 2020 to April 2022.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2022Article
- Spatiotemporal clustering patterns and sociodemographic determinants of COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infections in Helsinki, Finland.Spatial and spatio-temporal epidemiology · 2022Article
- A Model for Highly Fluctuating Spatio-Temporal Infection Data, with Applications to the COVID Epidemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- Prospective spatial-temporal clusters of COVID-19 in local communities: case study of Kansas City, Missouri, United States.Epidemiology and infection · 2022Article
- The Geographical Distribution and Influencing Factors of COVID-19 in China.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2022Article
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6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
The first case of COVID-19 in South America occurred in Brazil on February 25, 2020. By July 20, 2020, there were 2,118,646 confirmed cases and 80,120 confirmed deaths. To assist with the development of preventive measures and targeted interventions to combat the pandemic in Brazil, we present a geographic study to detect "active" and "emerging" space-time clusters of COVID-19. We document the relationship between relative risk of COVID-19 and mortality, inequality, socioeconomic vulnerability variables. We used the prospective space-time scan statistic to detect daily COVID-19 clusters and examine the relative risk between February 25-June 7, 2020, and February 25-July 20, 2020, in 5570 Brazilian municipalities. We apply a Generalized Linear Model (GLM) to assess whether mortality rate, GINI index, and social inequality are predictors for the relative risk of each cluster. We detected 7 "active" clusters in the first time period, being one in the north, two in the northeast, two in the southeast, one in the south, and one in the capital of Brazil. In the second period, we found 9 clusters with RR > 1 located in all Brazilian regions. The results obtained through the GLM showed that there is a significant positive correlation between the predictor variables in relation to the relative risk of COVID-19. Given the presence of spatial autocorrelation in the GLM residuals, a spatial lag model was conducted that revealed that spatial effects, and both GINI index and mortality rate were strong predictors in the increase in COVID-19 relative risk in Brazil. Our research can be utilized to improve COVID-19 response and planning in all Brazilian states. The results from this study are particularly salient to public health, as they can guide targeted intervention measures, lowering the magnitude and spread of COVID-19. They can also improve resource allocation such as tests and vaccines (when available) by informing key public health officials about the highest risk areas of COVID-19.
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