ReviewNeuropharmacology2021
Social vulnerabilities for substance use: Stressors, socially toxic environments, and discrimination and racism.
Review in Neuropharmacology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Evidence-based consensus guidelines for the pharmacological management of substance dependence: Recommendations from the British Association for Psychopharmacology.Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) · 2026Guideline
- A meta-analytic review of the relationship between racial discrimination and alcohol and other drug use outcomes in minoritised racial/ethnic groups.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Pooled it
- Promoting Healthy Aging Through Mindfulness and Yoga: A Systematic Review of Interventions for People Living with HIV Who Use Drugs or Who Have a History of Substance Use.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Pooled it
- Treatment outcomes for substance use disorders across the African continent: a systematic review.BMC psychology · 2025Pooled it
- Promoting HIV care continuum outcomes among people who use drugs and alcohol: a systematic review of randomized trials evaluating behavioral HIV care interventions published from 2011 to 2023.BMC public health · 2023Pooled it
- Trial
- Outcomes of a Brief Motivational Intervention for Heavy Alcohol Use in Racial or Ethnic Minority Compared to White Emerging Adults.Journal of evidence-based social work (2019) · 2024Trial
- Acting with awareness moderates the association between lifetime exposure to interpersonal traumatic events and craving via trauma symptoms: a moderated indirect effects model.BMC psychiatry · 2022Trial
- Latent Classes of Substance Use in Young Adult Survivors of Child Maltreatment and Adversity: A 20-Year Prospective Investigation.Child maltreatment · 2026Article
- Lived Experiences of Women With Substance Use Disorders Regarding Their Motivations and Barriers to Seeking Treatment.Journal of psychiatric and mental health nursing · 2026Article
- Racial/Ethnic and Regional Disparities in Opioid-Involved Overdose Deaths among Children and Adolescents in the United States.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Intersectional Racial, Gender, and Socioeconomic Discrimination and Youth Alcohol and Cannabis Use: A Latent Class Analysis Among Black and White Adolescents.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Nutrition knowledge, attitude, and practice in relation to health-related quality of life among urban-poor children in Malaysia: the mediating role of lifestyle factors.Health and quality of life outcomes · 2026Article
- Practice Challenges and Research Directions in Rural Drug and Alcohol Treatment: A Focus Group Study of Clinician Perspectives.Drug and alcohol review · 2026Article
- Paradoxical role of the mesocorticolimbic Netrin1-DCC pathway in social competition and vulnerability to methamphetamine abuse during adolescence.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Assessing the Association Between Discrimination and Alcohol Use by Gender Among Latino/a Immigrant Parents: A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of immigrant and minority health · 2026Article
- Trauma Profiles and Cocaine Use Among Formerly Incarcerated Black Men Who Co-Use Opioids and Stimulants.The Journal of black psychology · 2026Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences and Social Frailty Trajectory Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Network Analysis From a Population-Based Sample.Geriatrics & gerontology international · 2026Article
- Comparative effectiveness of social-contextual treatments for improving substance-related problems among Black adults: An individual-level data synthesis.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2026Article
- Incidence of substance use disorders and comorbidities in the All of Us Research Program.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Article
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Applying a social determinants of health framework, this review brings attention to evidence from social sciences and neuroscience on the role of selected social factors in individual and population-level vulnerability to substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs). The understanding that social vulnerability to substance use and SUDs is multifaceted and occurs across different levels of influence (individual, interpersonal, community, and societal) is underscored. We propose that socially based stressors play a critical role in creating vulnerability to substance use and SUDs, and as such, deserve greater empirical attention to further understand how they "get under the skin." Current knowledge from social sciences and neuroscience on the relationships among vulnerability to substance use resulting from stressors, exposure to socially toxic childhood environments, and racism and discrimination are summarized and discussed, as are implications for future research, practice, and policy. Specifically, we propose using a top-down approach to the examination of known, yet often unexplored, relationships between vulnerability to substance use and SUDs, related inequities, and potential differential effects across demographic groups. Finally, research gaps and promising areas of research, practice, and policy focused on ameliorating social vulnerabilities associated with substance use and SUDs across the lifespan are presented. This article is part of the special issue on 'Vulnerabilities to Substance Abuse'.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.