ArticleVaccine2021
Influenza vaccination in the time of COVID-19: A national U.S. survey of adults.
Article in Vaccine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bidirectional associations between influenza and COVID-19 vaccination: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Impact of COVID-19 on vaccine confidence and uptake: A systematic literature review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Pooled it
- Vaccination against COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis of acceptability and its predictors.Preventive medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Temporal shifts in public perceptions of influenza and its vaccine before, during, and after COVID-19 in a fragile nation.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Post-Marketing Safety Surveillance of Influenza Vaccines in Anhui Province, China, 2016-2025.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Vaccine uptake and hesitancy among Black people: A scoping review.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- Article
- Impact of a Free Influenza Vaccination Policy on Older Adults in Zhejiang, China: Cross-Sectional Survey of Vaccination Willingness and Determinants.JMIR human factors · 2025Article
- Article
- Influenza Vaccination Coverage and Determinants of New Vaccinations During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain (ENE-COVID): Nationwide Population-Based Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on influenza vaccination rate among health care workers.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Changes in Attitudes and Barriers to Seasonal Influenza Vaccination from 2007 to 2023.Journal of community health · 2024Article
- The association between influenza vaccination and the perception of COVID-19 as well as COVID-19 vaccination behavior among community residents in Anhui province, China.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
- Trust in government actors and COVID-19 vaccination uptake among Hispanics and Latinos in the U.S.International journal of disaster risk reduction : IJDRR · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccine uptake and attitudes towards mandates in a nationally representative U.S. sample.Journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- Longitudinal assessment of COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A two-wave survey of a nationally representative U.S. sample.PloS one · 2023Article
- [Attitudes Toward Influenza Vaccination in Fall/Winter 2021: Results of the COSMO Study].Gesundheitswesen (Bundesverband der Arzte des Offentlichen Gesundheitsdienstes (Germany)) · 2023Article
- Review
- The impact of financial incentives on COVID-19 vaccination intention among a sample of U.S. adults.Preventive medicine reports · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introductionDecisions about influenza vaccination for fall-winter 2020 were made against the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic. During May 2020, the authors examined intended vaccination in the next 12 months in relationship to demographic variables, healthcare attitudes, and personal COVID-19 experiences for two samples of adults--those who did not receive influenza vaccine during the prior 12 months, and those who did.
methodsIn May 2020, a cross-sectional online survey was conducted with a national US sample. Participants reported prior influenza vaccination (yes/no during prior 12 months) and anticipated vaccination (yes/no during next 12 months). Covariates included demographic characteristics (e.g., gender, race-ethnicity, political ideology), general beliefs (e.g., benefits of vaccines, altruistic attitudes), and COVID-19 health beliefs and experiences (COVID-19 worry and severity, perception of COVID-19 as a community threat, knowing someone with COVID-19). For each group, hierarchical multivariable logistic regression was conducted with intent to vaccinate as the outcome.
resultsAmong participants (n = 3502), 47% did not receive influenza vaccine in the prior 12 months and 53% had; 25.5% of non-vaccinators and 91.9% of vaccinators intended future vaccination. For non-vaccinators, odds of intending vaccination was associated with race/ethnicity (Hispanics were more likely to intend than white-NH; AOR = 1.74; 95% CI = 1.23-2.4), greater perceived benefits of vaccination (AOR = 2.19; 95% CI = 1.88-2.54), and perception of COVID-19 as a community threat (AOR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.49-2.45). For vaccinators, odds of intending vaccination was associated with age (AOR = 1.04; 95% CI = 1.03-1.05), race/ethnicity (Black-NH and Other-NH were less likely to intend than white-NH, AOR = 0.60; 95% CI = 0.36-0.999; and AOR = 0.45; 95% CI = 0.24-0.84, respectively), greater perceived benefits of vaccination (AOR = 1.88; 95% CI = 1.45-2.45) and greater perception of collective benefits of vaccines (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI = 1.15-1.90).
conclusionsThe COVID-19 pandemic may have served as a cue to action for influenza vaccination intention among some prior non-vaccinators whereas intention among prior vaccinators is more related to positive attitudes toward vaccination.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.