Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33715426›Full record

ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2021

The contractile patterns, anatomy and physiology of the hyoid musculature change longitudinally through infancy.

C J Mayerl, K E Steer, A M Chava, L E Bond, C E Edmonds, F D H Gould, B M Stricklen, T L Hieronymous, R Z German

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  7. Cerebellar control of targeted tongue movements.The Journal of physiology · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. The effects of simulated gastroesophageal reflux on infant pig oropharyngeal feeding physiology.American journal of physiology. Gastrointestinal and liver physiology · 2024
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Evolution, diversification and function of the maternal-infant dyad in mammalian feeding.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023
    Article
  13. Head posture impacts mammalian hyoid position and suprahyoid muscle length: implication for swallowing biomechanics.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

C J MayerlNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
K E SteerNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
A M ChavaNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
L E BondNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
C E EdmondsNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
F D H GouldDepartment of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Rowan School of Osteopathic Medicine, Stratford, NJ, USA.
B M StricklenNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
T L HieronymousNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
R Z GermanNEOMED Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, 4209 State Route 44, PO Box 95, Rootstown OH 44272, USA.
Northeast Ohio Medical University · USRowan University · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

All mammalian infants suckle, a fundamentally different process than drinking in adults. Infant mammal oropharyngeal anatomy is also anteroposteriorly compressed and becomes more elongate postnatally. While suckling and drinking require different patterns of muscle use and kinematics, little insight exists into how the neuromotor and anatomical systems change through the time that infants suckle. We measured the orientation, activity and contractile patterns of five muscles active during infant feeding from early infancy until weaning using a pig model. Muscles not aligned with the long axis of the body became less mediolaterally orientated with age. However, the timing of activation and the contractile patterns of those muscles exhibited little change, although variation was larger in younger infants than older infants. At both ages, there were differences in contractile patterns within muscles active during both sucking and swallowing, as well as variation among muscles during swallowing. The changes in anatomy, coupled with less variation closer to weaning and little change in muscle firing and shortening patterns suggest that the neuromotor system may be optimized to transition to solid foods. The lesser consequences of aspiration during feeding on an all-liquid diet may not necessitate the evolution of variation in neuromotor function through infancy.

Indexed as

DeglutitionHyoid BoneAnimalsElectromyographyMuscle ContractionSwineWeaningEMGfeedingmammalontogenyswallowing

Identifiers

PMID33715426
PMCPMC7944089
OpenAlexW3135208752

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.