ArticleArchives of craniofacial surgery2021
Evaluation and management of facial granuloma caused by various injection materials.
Article in Archives of craniofacial surgery, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sialocele following excision of delayed-onset inflamed facial fat graft: A case report.Medicine · 2026Article
- The Outcome of 3 Various Reconstructive Procedures After Permanent Filler Removal and Deep Plane Face Lift.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026Article
- Facial Injectable Fillers in Aesthetic Medicine: Clinical Applications and Safety Strategies.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025Review
- Lymphaticovenular anastomosis for Morbihan disease: a case report.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2023Article
- Treatment of Morbihan disease.Archives of craniofacial surgery · 2021Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVarious substances are currently being used for cosmetic or postsurgical reconstruction reasons. Injecting of various materials into the face may provoke inflammatory or granulomatous reactions, infection and tissue necrosis. Among these reactions are foreign body granulomas. This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of and therapeutic approaches used in patients with facial foreign body granulomas caused by the injection of various substances.
methodsFrom 2007 to 2020, a total of 64 patients visited our hospital due to inflammatory signs, palpable masses or surface irregularities. We reviewed patient characteristics, type of injected material, medical history and treatment outcomes. The treatment results were scored with patient satisfaction and statistical analysis of the treatment period was performed.
resultsMost patients underwent conservative treatment followed by surgical treatment because of persistent symptoms; one patient did not require surgery. All patients reported good treatment results and satisfaction. The earlier the surgical treatment was performed, the shorter the treatment period and the higher patient satisfaction scoring.
conclusionGranulomatous changes to the face are an emerging concern in various cosmetic procedures and surgeries, including fillers, silicone implants and autologous fat injections. Our findings strongly suggest that patient symptoms require accurate diagnosis and surgical treatment.
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