ArticleBrain, behavior, and immunity2021
Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK household longitudinal study.
Article in Brain, behavior, and immunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 387 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
387 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 713 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acceptance-Hesitancy of COVID-19 Vaccination and Factors Affecting It in Adults: Systematic Review Study.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Boosting COVID-19 vaccine inoculation and booster shots: a systematic review and meta-analysis of factors that influence Coronavirus vaccine uptake in practice.African health sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Improving COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Black Populations: A Systematic Review of Strategies.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Pooled it
- Infographics on risks associated with COVID-19 and the willingness to get the AstraZeneca vaccine: two randomized online experiments.BMC public health · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Predictors of COVID-19 vaccination status: a nationwide linkage study in Czechia.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Article
- "You Could Have Prevented It!": attributions of responsibility toward COVID-19 unvaccinated vs. vaccinated individuals.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Vaccination Attitudes in the Adult Population of Kazakhstan: A Nationally Representative Cross-Sectional Study.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Knowledge and attitudes toward mpox among the Lebanese population during the second wave and their attitudes toward vaccination.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Long term cardiometabolic outcomes in COVID positive patients.Journal of public health research · 2026Review
- Intervention Strategies for Healthcare Workers to Promote Vaccine Uptake in Ethnic Minority Populations: A Systematic Review of Behaviour Change Techniques.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Racism and racial health inequity: four theories for public health.Journal of public health (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Vaccine uptake and hesitancy among Black people: A scoping review.Canada communicable disease report = Releve des maladies transmissibles au Canada · 2026Article
- Association between COVID-related health literacy and vaccine acceptance: results of a nationwide cross-sectional study in Hungary.BMC public health · 2026Article
- COVID-19 vaccine acceptability and determinants of hesitancy among adults in Lagos, Nigeria.BMC public health · 2026Article
- "I would walk through fire to get this vaccine": a mixed-methods study examining attitudes and perceptions of a gonorrhoea vaccine programme among UK sexual health service users.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Vaccine Hesitancy at Nine Community Sites Across the United States, Early in COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
327 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Vaccine hesitancy could undermine efforts to control COVID-19. We investigated the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in the UK and identified vaccine hesitant subgroups. The 'Understanding Society' COVID-19 survey asked participants (n = 12,035) their likelihood of vaccine uptake and reason for hesitancy. Cross-sectional analysis assessed vaccine hesitancy prevalence and logistic regression calculated odds ratios. Overall vaccine hesitancy was low (18% unlikely/very unlikely). Vaccine hesitancy was higher in women (21.0% vs 14.7%), younger age groups (26.5% in 16-24 year olds vs 4.5% in 75 + ) and those with lower education levels (18.6% no qualifications vs 13.2% degree qualified). Vaccine hesitancy was high in Black (71.8%) and Pakistani/Bangladeshi (42.3%) ethnic groups. Odds ratios for vaccine hesitancy were 13.42 (95% CI:6.86, 26.24) in Black and 2.54 (95% CI:1.19, 5.44) in Pakistani/Bangladeshi groups (compared to White British/Irish) and 3.54 (95% CI:2.06, 6.09) for people with no qualifications versus degree. Urgent action to address hesitancy is needed for some but not all ethnic minority groups.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.