ArticleScientific reports2021
Quantifying mechanical loading and elastic strain energy of the human Achilles tendon during walking and running.
Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed.
- Maximal strength training improves muscle-tendon properties and increases tendon matrix remodulation in well-trained triathletes.Scientific reports · 2025Trial
- Effects of Mechanical Loading on the Structure and Function of the Achilles Tendon: From Homeostatic Adaptation to Pathological Degeneration.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2026Review
- Dual-Incision Achilles Tendon Repair Using Krackow Sutures With Over-the-Top Knot Placement for Early Rehabilitation Without Immobilization: A Retrospective Case Series.Foot & ankle orthopaedics · 2026Article
- The Biomechanical Behavior of Selected Achilles Tendon Revision Constructs: An Exploratory Cadaveric Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The biarticularity of the gastrocnemii muscles provides relevant mechanisms for managing drop-like gait perturbations in humans.The Journal of experimental biology · 2026Article
- Gastrocnemius medialis neuromechanics during cycling at various exercise intensities.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Exploring Variable Achilles Tendon Loading Via Active Acoustics.IEEE sensors journal · 2026Article
- Measuring Dynamic Tendon Torsion Using Ultrasound Speckle Tracking: Validation with Silicone Phantom and In Vivo Application on Human Tibialis Posterior Tendon.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Comparison of vertical jump performance between the Maasai, track and field athletes, and non-athletes: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High horizontal force and lateral force transmission induced by the twist of the Achilles tendon.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- The effect of exercise training modalities on the morphological and mechanical properties of the achilles tendon: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2026Review
- Estimation of walking energy expenditure using a single sacrum-mounted IMU based on biomechanically-informed machine learning.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Review
- A Personalized Muscle-Tendon Assessment and Exercise Prescription Concept Reduces Muscle-Tendon Imbalances in Female Adolescent Athletes.Sports medicine - open · 2025Article
- Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) promotes Achilles tendon repair: from network pharmacology prediction to in vivo mechanistic validation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Elevated fluid and glycosaminoglycan content in the Achilles tendon contribute to higher intratendinous pressures: Implications for Achilles tendinopathy.Journal of sport and health science · 2024Article
- Full-Field Strain Measurements of the Muscle-Tendon Junction Using X-ray Computed Tomography and Digital Volume Correlation.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Achilles tendon compliance influences tendon loading more than Achilles tendon twist in Achilles tendinopathy: a musculoskeletal modeling approach.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Biarticular mechanisms of the gastrocnemii muscles enhance ankle mechanical power and work during running.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- In Vivo Strain Patterns in the Achilles Tendon During Dynamic Activities: A Comprehensive Survey of the Literature.Sports medicine - open · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to assess in vivo Achilles tendon (AT) mechanical loading and strain energy during locomotion. We measured AT length considering its curve-path shape. Eleven participants walked at 1.4 m/s and ran at 2.5 m/s and 3.5 m/s on a treadmill. The AT length was defined as the distance between its origin at the gastrocnemius medialis myotendinous junction (MTJ) and the calcaneal insertion. The MTJ was tracked using ultrasonography and projected to the reconstructed skin surface to account for its misalignment. Skin-to-bone displacements were assessed during a passive rotation (5°/s) of the ankle joint. Force and strain energy of the AT during locomotion were calculated by fitting a quadratic function to the experimentally measured tendon force-length curve obtained from maximum voluntary isometric contractions. The maximum AT strain and force were affected by speed (p < 0.05, ranging from 4.0 to 4.9% strain and 1.989 to 2.556 kN), yet insufficient in magnitude to be considered as an effective stimulus for tendon adaptation. Besides the important tendon energy recoil during the propulsion phase (7.8 to 11.3 J), we found a recoil of elastic strain energy at the beginning of the stance phase of running (70-77 ms after touch down) between 1.7 ± 0.6 and 1.9 ± 1.1 J, which might be functionally relevant for running efficiency.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.