Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33712604›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Interplay of BAF and MLL4 promotes cell type-specific enhancer activation.

Young-Kwon Park, Ji-Eun Lee, Zhijiang Yan, Kaitlin McKernan, Tommy O'Haren, Weidong Wang, Weiqun Peng, Kai Ge

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
4.8field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. SMARCD1 and Its Functional Relevance in SWI/SNF and Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. KMT2C and KMT2D amplify GRHL2-driven enhancer activation.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
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  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Young-Kwon Park *Adipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Ji-Eun Lee *Adipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3768-7016
Zhijiang YanLaboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kaitlin McKernanAdipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3171-7218
Tommy O'HarenAdipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.
Weidong WangLaboratory of Genetics and Genomics, National Institute on Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0658-7928
Weiqun PengDepartment of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Kai GeAdipocyte Biology and Gene Regulation Section, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA. kai.ge@nih.gov.ORCID 0000-0002-7442-5138
National Institutes of Health · USGeorge Washington University · USNational Institute on Aging · USWenzhou Medical University · CN

Funding

Regulation of PPARgamma Expression and Adipogenesis by PTIP-Associated FactorsZIADK075003 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI GE, KAI · 2009 to 2025
$17.6M
Epigenomic Regulation of PPARgamma and AdipogenesisZIADK075017 · NIDDK · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES · PI GE, KAI · 2009 to 2025
$12.4M
Structural And Functional Studies Of Human Swi/snf Chromatin-remodelingZIAAG000650 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI WANG, WEIDONG · 2009 to 2021
$2.2M
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cell type-specific enhancers are activated by coordinated actions of lineage-determining transcription factors (LDTFs) and chromatin regulators. The SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex BAF and the histone H3K4 methyltransferase MLL4 (KMT2D) are both implicated in enhancer activation. However, the interplay between BAF and MLL4 in enhancer activation remains unclear. Using adipogenesis as a model system, we identify BAF as the major SWI/SNF complex that colocalizes with MLL4 and LDTFs on active enhancers and is required for cell differentiation. In contrast, the promoter enriched SWI/SNF complex PBAF is dispensable for adipogenesis. By depleting BAF subunits SMARCA4 (BRG1) and SMARCB1 (SNF5) as well as MLL4 in cells, we show that BAF and MLL4 reciprocally regulate each other's binding on active enhancers before and during adipogenesis. By focusing on enhancer activation by the adipogenic pioneer transcription factor C/EBPβ without inducing cell differentiation, we provide direct evidence for an interdependent relationship between BAF and MLL4 in activating cell type-specific enhancers. Together, these findings reveal a positive feedback between BAF and MLL4 in promoting LDTF-dependent activation of cell type-specific enhancers.

Indexed as

Enhancer Elements, GeneticAdipogenesisAnimalsCell DifferentiationChromatinChromatin Assembly and DisassemblyDNA-Binding ProteinsDNA HelicasesGene Expression RegulationHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseHistonesMiceNuclear ProteinsPromoter Regions, GeneticSMARCB1 ProteinTranscription FactorsChromatinDNA-Binding ProteinsDNA HelicasesHistone-Lysine N-MethyltransferaseHistonesMLL4 protein, mouseNuclear ProteinsSmarca4 protein, mouseSMARCB1 ProteinSmarcb1 protein, mouseTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID33712604
PMCPMC7955098
OpenAlexW3133523007

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.