ArticleNature communications2021
Adeno-associated virus capsid assembly is divergent and stochastic.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 131 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
131 citing papers in PubMed, 205 citations in OpenAlex.
- Intracellular trafficking and nuclear compartmentalization of AAV gene delivery.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- AAVR disruption as a producer-cell engineering strategy for enhanced supernatant-based recovery of selected AAV serotypes.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Anion-exchange chromatography separates structurally heterogeneous and low-potency particles in adeno-associated virus manufacture.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- High resolution ES-DMA quantifies AAV capsid DNA content by electrical mobility to mass correlation.Gene therapy · 2026Article
- Removal of Empty AAV Capsids to Undetectable Levels Using Orthogonal Purification Steps.Biotechnology and bioengineering · 2026Article
- AAV2 bypasses direct endosomal escape by using AAVR to access the trans-Golgi network en route to the nucleus.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Packaging of Single-Stranded RNA in Viruses and Virus-Like Particles.Annual review of biochemistry · 2026Review
- Comprehensive forced degradation study revealing diverse chemical and physical degradation pathways of AAV8.Gene therapy · 2026Article
- Manufacture of adeno-associated virus vectors by a novel human-derived cell line HAT and comprehensive evaluation of the vectors.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Role of viral protein ratio in the structure and separation of empty and full adeno-associated virus capsids: A molecular dynamics study.Molecular therapy. Advances · 2026Article
- Immunogenicity of Gene and Cell Therapies.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Directed evolution of multimeric proteins is enabled by dual-compensatory gene duplication.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Altering VP1 and VP2 expression in trans affects the transduction efficiency of AAV9.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Article
- Gene Therapy Using Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus for Leber Congenital Amaurosis Induced by RPE65 Mutation.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- AAV Capsid Modification and Its Influence on Viral Protein Stoichiometry and Packaging Fitness: Current Understandings and Future Direction.Molecular biotechnology · 2026Review
- Mosaic AAV mediates efficient transduction across the central and peripheral nervous systems.Molecular brain · 2025Article
- Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 structural heterogeneity and stability characterized by charge detection mass spectrometry.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- End-to-end characterization of AAV manufacturing process using charge detection mass spectrometry.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Article
- The amazing AAV capsids: Into the structure-verse.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2025Review
- Application of Gas-Phase Electrophoresis (nES GEMMA Instrumentation) in Molecular Weight Determination.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2025Review
71 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) are increasingly used as gene therapy vectors. AAVs package their genome in a non-enveloped T = 1 icosahedral capsid of ~3.8 megaDalton, consisting of 60 subunits of 3 distinct viral proteins (VPs), which vary only in their N-terminus. While all three VPs play a role in cell-entry and transduction, their precise stoichiometry and structural organization in the capsid has remained elusive. Here we investigate the composition of several AAV serotypes by high-resolution native mass spectrometry. Our data reveal that the capsids assemble stochastically, leading to a highly heterogeneous population of capsids of variable composition, whereby even the single-most abundant VP stoichiometry represents only a small percentage of the total AAV population. We estimate that virtually every AAV capsid in a particular preparation has a unique composition. The systematic scoring of the simulations against experimental native MS data offers a sensitive new method to characterize these therapeutically important heterogeneous capsids.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.