Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33712590›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Global discovery of lupus genetic risk variant allelic enhancer activity.

Xiaoming Lu, Xiaoting Chen, Carmy Forney, Omer Donmez, Daniel Miller, Sreeja Parameswaran, Ted Hong, Yongbo Huang, Mario Pujato, Tareian Cazares and 6 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
51citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
11.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

51 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 79 citations in OpenAlex.

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  17. Update on the genetics of allergic diseases.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors at 2 institutions in 5 countries.

Xiaoming Lu *Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0830-2826
Xiaoting Chen *Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3782-3962
Carmy ForneyCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Omer DonmezCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Daniel MillerCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Sreeja ParameswaranCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Ted HongCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Yongbo HuangCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Mario PujatoDivision of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Tareian CazaresDivision of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Emily R MiraldiDivision of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0232-3116
John P RayBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7294-4260
Carl G de BoerBroad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8935-5921
John B HarleyCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Matthew T WeirauchCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Matthew.Weirauch@cchmc.org.ORCID 0000-0001-7977-9122
Leah C KottyanCenter for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA. Leah.Kottyan@cchmc.org.ORCID 0000-0003-3979-2220
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center · USBroad Institute · US

Funding

Stem Cell/Organoid and Genome Editing CoreP30DK078392 · NIDDK · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI Alexander Miethke · 2007 to 2026
$24.4M
HLA GENE COMPLEMENTATION IN PRIMARY SJOGREN'S AND LUPUSR01AI024717 · NIAID · OKLAHOMA MEDICAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION · PI KOTTYAN, LEAH CLAIRE, WEIRAUCH, MATTHEW TYSON · 1987 to 2025
$7.8M
Tissue Repository CoreP30AR070549 · NIAMS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI Grant Sanford Schulert · 2016 to 2026
$7.7M
Polygenic Risk Scores for Healthier African American FamiliesU01HG011172 · NHGRI · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI Leah Claire Kottyan, LISA J MARTIN · 2020 to 2026
$7.2M
Gene Regulation as a Foundation for Autoimmune Disease PreventionU01AI130830 · NIAID · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI WEIRAUCH, MATTHEW TYSON · 2017 to 2021
$7.2M
BIOCHEMICAL AND GENETIC ANALYSIS OF NOTCH SIGNALINGR01GM055479 · NIGMS · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI KOPAN, RAPHAEL, WEIRAUCH, MATTHEW TYSON · 1996 to 2021
$6.4M
Dynamic regulatory network models of human response to influenza virusU01AI150748 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI MARAZZI, IVAN, MIRALDI, EMILY · 2020 to 2024
$5.8M
Better Outcomes for Children: Promoting Excellence in Healthcare Genomics to Inform PolicyU01HG008666 · NHGRI · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI HARLEY, JOHN BARKER · 2015 to 2019
$4.2M
Binding of Epstein Barr Virus EBNA2 Unifies Multiple Sclerosis Genetic MechanismsR01NS099068 · NINDS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI Leah Claire Kottyan, Matthew Tyson Weirauch · 2017 to 2026
$4.2M
Genomics of Inflammatory Bowel DiseaseR01AI148276 · NIAID · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI KOTTYAN, LEAH CLAIRE · 2019 to 2023
$3.9M
Virus-driven human gene misregulation in diseaseR01HG010730 · NHGRI · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI WEIRAUCH, MATTHEW TYSON · 2020 to 2023
$2.7M
Transcription Factor Genetics in LupusR01AR073228 · NIAMS · CINCINNATI CHILDRENS HOSP MED CTR · PI KOTTYAN, LEAH CLAIRE, WAGGONER, STEPHEN N. · 2019 to 2023
$2.2M
BLRD VA I01 BX001834NHGRI NIH HHS K99 HG009920NHGRI NIH HHS R01 HG010730NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG008666NHGRI NIH HHS U01 HG011172NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI129249NIAID NIH HHS K22 AI153648NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI024717NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI148276NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI130830NIAID NIH HHS U01 AI150748NIAMS NIH HHS P30 AR070549NIAMS NIH HHS R01 AR073228NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK078392NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK107502NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM055479NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS099068
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) nominate 3073 genetic variants at 91 risk loci. To systematically screen these variants for allelic transcriptional enhancer activity, we construct a massively parallel reporter assay (MPRA) library comprising 12,396 DNA oligonucleotides containing the genomic context around every allele of each SLE variant. Transfection into the Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B cell line GM12878 reveals 482 variants with enhancer activity, with 51 variants showing genotype-dependent (allelic) enhancer activity at 27 risk loci. Comparison of MPRA results in GM12878 and Jurkat T cell lines highlights shared and unique allelic transcriptional regulatory mechanisms at SLE risk loci. In-depth analysis of allelic transcription factor (TF) binding at and around allelic variants identifies one class of TFs whose DNA-binding motif tends to be directly altered by the risk variant and a second class of TFs that bind allelically without direct alteration of their motif by the variant. Collectively, our approach provides a blueprint for the discovery of allelic gene regulation at risk loci for any disease and offers insight into the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms underlying SLE.

Indexed as

AllelesB-LymphocytesCell LineChromatinGene Expression RegulationGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyGenotypeHerpesvirus 4, HumanHumansLupus Erythematosus, SystemicQuantitative Trait LociSynaptogyrinsT-LymphocytesChromatinSynaptogyrinsSYNGR1 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID33712590
PMCPMC7955039
OpenAlexW3134653139

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.