Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33712576›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Ultrafast multi-cycle terahertz measurements of the electrical conductivity in strongly excited solids.

Z Chen, C B Curry, R Zhang, F Treffert, N Stojanovic, S Toleikis, R Pan, M Gauthier, E Zapolnova, L E Seipp and 15 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Compact THz absorption spectroscopy using a LiNbOLight, science & applications · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Dynamic and transient processes in warm dense matter.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

25 authors.

Z ChenSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. zchen@slac.stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2546-7075
C B CurrySLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8756-181X
R ZhangUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G-1H7, AB, Canada.
F TreffertSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1277-4241
N StojanovicDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.
S ToleikisDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.
R PanDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.
M GauthierSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
E ZapolnovaDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.
L E SeippSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
A WeinmannSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
M Z MoSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2962-0815
J B KimSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
B B L WitteSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.
S BajtDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7163-7602
S UsenkoDeutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Hamburg, 22607, Germany.
R SoufliLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8152-3975
T PardiniLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.
S Hau-RiegeLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.
C BurcklenLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.
J ScheinUniversität der Bundeswehr München, Neubiberg, 85579, Germany.
R RedmerInstitut für Physik, Universität Rostock, Rostock, 18059, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3440-863X
Y Y TsuiUniversity of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G-1H7, AB, Canada.
B K Ofori-OkaiSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0737-6786
S H GlenzerSLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA. glenzer@slac.stanford.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9112-0558

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Key insights in materials at extreme temperatures and pressures can be gained by accurate measurements that determine the electrical conductivity. Free-electron laser pulses can ionize and excite matter out of equilibrium on femtosecond time scales, modifying the electronic and ionic structures and enhancing electronic scattering properties. The transient evolution of the conductivity manifests the energy coupling from high temperature electrons to low temperature ions. Here we combine accelerator-based, high-brightness multi-cycle terahertz radiation with a single-shot electro-optic sampling technique to probe the evolution of DC electrical conductivity using terahertz transmission measurements on sub-picosecond time scales with a multi-undulator free electron laser. Our results allow the direct determination of the electron-electron and electron-ion scattering frequencies that are the major contributors of the electrical resistivity.

Identifiers

PMID33712576
PMCPMC7977037

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.