Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33712570›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Integration of Alzheimer's disease genetics and myeloid genomics identifies disease risk regulatory elements and genes.

Gloriia Novikova, Manav Kapoor, Julia Tcw, Edsel M Abud, Anastasia G Efthymiou, Steven X Chen, Haoxiang Cheng, John F Fullard, Jaroslav Bendl, Yiyuan Liu and 7 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 148 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
148citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
13.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

148 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 229 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. The vascular contribution to dementia: World Stroke Organization scientific statement.International journal of stroke : official journal of the International Stroke Society · 2026
    Review
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  14. Immune dysfunction in Alzheimer disease.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2026
    Review
  15. Article
  16. Early microglial priming in Alzheimer's disease revealed by ME-seq.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  17. From correlation to causation: cell-type-specific gene regulatory networks in Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Structural insights into human signal peptide peptidase.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article

88 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Gloriia NovikovaRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3916-2627
Manav KapoorRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Julia TcwRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3054-9374
Edsel M AbudDepartment of Neurobiology & Behavior, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.
Anastasia G EfthymiouRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Steven X ChenDepartment of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3463-5824
Haoxiang ChengDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1393-6006
John F FullardDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Jaroslav BendlDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9989-2720
Yiyuan LiuRonald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
Panos RoussosDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4640-6239
Johan Lm BjörkegrenDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1945-7425
Yunlong LiuDepartment of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
Wayne W PoonInstitute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0625-3968
Ke HaoDepartment of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1815-9197
Edoardo Marcora *Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. edoardo.marcora@mssm.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-3829-4927
Alison M Goate *Ronald M. Loeb Center for Alzheimer's Disease, Department of Neuroscience, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA. alison.goate@mssm.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-0576-2472
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai · USIndiana University School of MedicineUniversity of California, Irvine · USKarolinska University Hospital · SE

Funding

UC Irvine Alzheimer's Disease Research Center Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell CoreP50AG016573 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI LAFERLA, FRANK M · 2000 to 2019
$37.0M
TISSUE REPOSITORY COREP01AG000538 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI GLABE, CHARLES G. · 1985 to 2018
$24.8M
Higher Order Chromatin and Genetic Risk for Alzheimer's DiseaseR01AG050986 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI ROUSSOS, PANAGIOTIS · 2015 to 2025
$11.2M
Genomic approach to identification of microglial networks involved in Alzheimer’s disease riskU01AG058635 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GOATE, ALISON M · 2018 to 2022
$4.8M
Identification and characterization of AD risk networks using multi-dimensional "omics" dataU01AG052411 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI CRUCHAGA, CARLOS, GOATE, ALISON M · 2016 to 2020
$4.5M
Understanding the mechanism of SPl1 dependent Alzheimer disease riskRF1AG054011 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI GOATE, ALISON M · 2016 to 2016
$4.2M
Toward Diagnostics and Therapies of Molecular Subcategories of CADR01HL125863 · NHLBI · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI BJORKEGREN, JOHAN M · 2015 to 2018
$3.2M
Research Training in the Neuroscience of AgingT32AG049688 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI Joseph Michael Castellano, PATRICK R HOF · 2015 to 2026
$3.0M
Placental Functional Networks Linking Developmental Pesticide Exposure and Offspring NeurodevelopmentR01ES029212 · NIEHS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI CAUDLE, WILLIAM MICHAEL, CHEN, JIA · 2018 to 2022
$2.7M
Deciphering isogenic APOE isoform dependent neurodegenerative response in human gliaK01AG062683 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI TCW, JULIA · 2019 to 2023
$621k
Investigating the effect of the MS4A locus on Alzheimer's diseaseF31AG059337 · NIA · ICAHN SCHOOL OF MEDICINE AT MOUNT SINAI · PI EFTHYMIOU, ANASTASIA · 2018 to 2020
$132k
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL125863NIA NIH HHS F31 AG059337NIA NIH HHS K01 AG062683NIA NIH HHS P01 AG000538NIA NIH HHS P50 AG016573NIA NIH HHS R01 AG050986NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054011NIA NIH HHS T32 AG049688NIA NIH HHS U01 AG052411NIA NIH HHS U01 AG058635NIEHS NIH HHS R01 ES029212
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than 40 loci associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the causal variants, regulatory elements, genes and pathways remain largely unknown, impeding a mechanistic understanding of AD pathogenesis. Previously, we showed that AD risk alleles are enriched in myeloid-specific epigenomic annotations. Here, we show that they are specifically enriched in active enhancers of monocytes, macrophages and microglia. We integrated AD GWAS with myeloid epigenomic and transcriptomic datasets using analytical approaches to link myeloid enhancer activity to target gene expression regulation and AD risk modification. We identify AD risk enhancers and nominate candidate causal genes among their likely targets (including AP4E1, AP4M1, APBB3, BIN1, MS4A4A, MS4A6A, PILRA, RABEP1, SPI1, TP53INP1, and ZYX) in twenty loci. Fine-mapping of these enhancers nominates candidate functional variants that likely modify AD risk by regulating gene expression in myeloid cells. In the MS4A locus we identified a single candidate functional variant and validated it in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived microglia and brain. Taken together, this study integrates AD GWAS with multiple myeloid genomic datasets to investigate the mechanisms of AD risk alleles and nominates candidate functional variants, regulatory elements and genes that likely modulate disease susceptibility.

Indexed as

GenomicsMyeloid CellsAllelesAlzheimer DiseaseGene Expression RegulationGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansInduced Pluripotent Stem CellsMacrophagesMicrogliaRegulatory Sequences, Nucleic AcidTranscriptome

Identifiers

PMID33712570
PMCPMC7955030
OpenAlexW3134303686

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.