ArticleThe Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience2021
Harnessing the Benefits of Neuroinflammation: Generation of Macrophages/Microglia with Prominent Remyelinating Properties.
Article in The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Unified Framework for Spinal Cord Injury Repair: Metabolic-Nutritional Microenvironment Remodeling, Immune Modulation, and Neural Regeneration.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Review
- Bone marrow myelopoiesis dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease limits monocyte homing to the brain and drives disease progression.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Transplantation of LPS, IL-4, and TGF-β-induced reparative-biased macrophages promotes early motor functional recovery after spinal cord injury in rats.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2026Article
- Exercise training promotes nerve cell repair and regeneration after spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- STAT1 expression in myeloid cells restrains murine norovirus-induced hepatitis and fibrosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Investigations of remibrutinib in models pertinent to multiple sclerosis.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026Article
- Sustained Transcriptional Response to Lipopolysaccharide and Interleukin-4 in an Immortalized Mouse Microglial Cell Line.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- In vivo CRISPR screen reveals regulation of macrophage states in neuroinflammation.Nature neuroscience · 2026Article
- Spinal Cord Injury Remyelination: Pathways to Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Comparison of inflammatory biomarker levels in neurodegenerative proteinopathies: a case-control study.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2025Article
- SIX1 aggravates the progression of spinal cord injury in mice by promoting M1 polarization of microglia.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Guided monocyte fate to FRβ/CD163Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Astrocyte-derived clusterin disrupts glial physiology to obstruct remyelination in mouse models of demyelinating diseases.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Macrophages Modulate Optic Nerve Crush Injury Scar Formation and Retinal Ganglion Cell Function.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2024Article
- Using Human Fetal Neural Stem Cells to Elucidate the Role of the JAK-STAT Cell Signaling Pathway in Oligodendrocyte Differentiation In Vitro.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Article
- Inflammation in the Peripheral Nervous System after Injury.Biomedicines · 2024Review
- From Immunity to Neurogenesis: Toll-like Receptors as Versatile Regulators in the Nervous System.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Temporal changes of spinal microglia in murine models of neuropathic pain: a scoping review.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Roles and regulation of microglia activity in multiple sclerosis: insights from animal models.Nature reviews. Neuroscience · 2023Review
- Identification of hypoxia-related genes and exploration of their relationship with immune cells in ischemic stroke.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Excessive inflammation within the CNS is injurious, but an immune response is also required for regeneration. Macrophages and microglia adopt different properties depending on their microenvironment, and exposure to IL4 and IL13 has been used to elicit repair. Unexpectedly, while LPS-exposed macrophages and microglia killed neural cells in culture, the addition of LPS to IL4/IL13-treated macrophages and microglia profoundly elevated IL10, repair metabolites, heparin binding epidermal growth factor trophic factor, antioxidants, and matrix-remodeling proteases. In C57BL/6 female mice, the generation of M(LPS/IL4/IL13) macrophages required TLR4 and MyD88 signaling, downstream activation of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/mTOR and MAP kinases, and convergence on phospho-CREB, STAT6, and NFE2. Following mouse spinal cord demyelination, local LPS/IL4/IL13 deposition markedly increased lesional phagocytic macrophages/microglia, lactate and heparin binding epidermal growth factor, matrix remodeling, oligodendrogenesis, and remyelination. Our data show that a prominent reparative state of macrophages/microglia is generated by the unexpected integration of pro- and anti-inflammatory activation cues. The results have translational potential, as the LPS/IL4/IL13 mixture could be locally applied to a focal CNS injury to enhance neural regeneration and recovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.