Observational studyJournal of medical virology2021
Impact of gender on patients hospitalized for SARS-COV-2 infection: A prospective observational study.
Observational study in Journal of medical virology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Obesity and mortality in patients with COVID-19: A meta-analysis of prospective studies.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2024Pooled it
- Obesity as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity and mortality.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Significant association between anemia and higher risk for COVID-19 mortality: A meta-analysis of adjusted effect estimates.The American journal of emergency medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Systemic multi-omics analysis reveals interferon response heterogeneity and links lipid metabolism to immune alterations in severe COVID-19.Genome medicine · 2026Article
- Comprehensive Analysis of the Impact of Weight Loss Thresholds on Mouse Models of Fatal Viral Infection.Viruses · 2025Article
- Commentary: Improving meta-analysis methodology: The necessity of prediction intervals and homogeneous data selection.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Article
- Gender-Specific Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Orthopedic and Traumatology Care: An Analysis of Hospital Admissions and Length of Stay.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Sex differences in D-dimer and critical illness in patients with COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis · 2023Article
- Observational
- Simultaneous Confidence Band Approach for Comparison of COVID-19 Case Counts.Statistics in biosciences · 2023Article
- Article
- Mortality among Italians and immigrants with COVID-19 hospitalised in Milan, Italy: data from the Luigi Sacco Hospital registry.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Observational
- Impact of gender on patients hospitalized for SARS-COV-2 infection: A prospective observational study.Journal of medical virology · 2021Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Biological sex could affect the natural history of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. We enrolled all COVID-19 patients admitted to two COVID-19 hospitals in Milan in a prospective observational study. The primary outcome was death during the study period and the secondary outcome was critical disease at hospital admission. The association(s) between clinically relevant, noncollinear variables, and the primary outcome was assessed with uni- and multivariable Logistic regression models. A total of 520 patients were hospitalized of whom 349 (67%) were males with a median age 61 (interquartile range: 50-72). A higher proportion of males presented critically ill when compared to females (30.1% vs. 18.7%, p < .046). Death occurred in 86 (24.6%) males and 27 (15.8%) females (p = .024). In multivariable analysis age (per 10 years more) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.83 [95% confidence interval {CI}: 1.42-2.35], p < .0001), obesity (AOR: 2.17 [95% CI: 1.10-4.31], p = .026), critical disease at hospital admission (AOR 6.34 [95% CI: 3.50-11.48], p < .0001) were independently associated to higher odds of death whereas gender was not. In conclusion, a higher proportion of males presented critically ill at hospital admission. Age, critical disease at hospital admission, obesity, anemia, D-dimer, estimated glomerular filtration rate, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase predicted death in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
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