ArticleAIDS (London, England)2021
Racial, ethnic, and gender disparities in hospitalizations among persons with HIV in the United States and Canada, 2005-2015.
Article in AIDS (London, England), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthcare Acceptability and Delayed Care Among Older People Living with HIV in the All of Us Program.AIDS and behavior · 2026Article
- Reason for hospitalization contrasting adjudication versus ICD-10-CM coding among persons with HIV, 2016-2019.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Association Between Race and COVID-19 Outcomes During the Pre-Vaccination Period in the United States (2020-2021).Clinical epidemiology · 2026Article
- Changes in the Prevalence of Non-AIDS Conditions Among Hospitalized Persons With HIV in the United States and Canada, 2008-2018.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2025Article
- Exploring the role of sex in hospitalizations among people with and without HIV in British Columbia, Canada.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Brief Report: Trends in Hospital Readmissions Among Adults With and Without HIV in the United States, 2010-2020.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2025Article
- Hospital readmissions among adults living with and without HIV in the US: findings from the Nationwide Readmissions Database.EClinicalMedicine · 2024Article
- Exercise to Prevent Accelerated Vascular Aging in People Living With HIV.Circulation research · 2024Review
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus as a Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2024Review
- Hospital Readmissions Among Persons With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the United States and Canada, 2005-2018: A Collaboration of Cohort Studies.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2023Article
- All-cause hospitalisation among people living with HIV according to gender, mode of HIV acquisition, ethnicity, and geographical origin in Europe and North America: findings from the ART-CC cohort collaboration.The Lancet. Public health · 2023Article
- Risk of HIV Viral Rebound in the Era of Universal Treatment in a Multicenter Sample of Persons With HIV in Primary Care.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo examine recent trends and differences in all-cause and cause-specific hospitalization rates by race, ethnicity, and gender among persons with HIV (PWH) in the United States and Canada.
designHIV clinical cohort consortium.
methodsWe followed PWH at least 18 years old in care 2005-2015 in six clinical cohorts. We used modified Clinical Classifications Software to categorize hospital discharge diagnoses. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) were estimated using Poisson regression with robust variances to compare racial and ethnic groups, stratified by gender, adjusted for cohort, calendar year, injection drug use history, and annually updated age, CD4+, and HIV viral load.
resultsAmong 27 085 patients (122 566 person-years), 80% were cisgender men, 1% transgender, 43% White, 33% Black, 17% Hispanic of any race, and 1% Indigenous. Unadjusted all-cause hospitalization rates were higher for Black [IRR 1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.32-1.61] and Indigenous (1.99, 1.44-2.74) versus White cisgender men, and for Indigenous versus White cisgender women (2.55, 1.68-3.89). Unadjusted AIDS-related hospitalization rates were also higher for Black, Hispanic, and Indigenous versus White cisgender men (all P < 0.05). Transgender patients had 1.50 times (1.05-2.14) and cisgender women 1.37 times (1.26-1.48) the unadjusted hospitalization rate of cisgender men. In adjusted analyses, among both cisgender men and women, Black patients had higher rates of cardiovascular and renal/genitourinary hospitalizations compared to Whites (all P < 0.05).
conclusionBlack, Hispanic, Indigenous, women, and transgender PWH in the United States and Canada experienced substantially higher hospitalization rates than White patients and cisgender men, respectively. Disparities likely have several causes, including differences in virologic suppression and chronic conditions such as diabetes and renal disease.
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