ArticlePhysiological reports2021
High heart rate associated early repolarization causes J-waves in both zebra finch and mouse.
Article in Physiological reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acute and Persistent Cardiovascular Effects of Menthol E-Cigarettes in Mice.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- The trabecular and compact myocardium of adult vertebrate ventricles are transcriptionally similar despite morphological differences.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2025Article
- Electrical remodeling of atrioventricular junction: a study on retrogradely perfused chick embryonic heart.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2024Article
- What to consider for ECG in mice-with special emphasis on telemetry.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2023Review
- Guidelines for assessment of cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias in small animals.American journal of physiology. Heart and circulatory physiology · 2022Review
- Avian cardiomyocyte architecture and what it reveals about the evolution of the vertebrate heart.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2022Review
- Simultaneous triple-parametric optical mapping of transmembrane potential, intracellular calcium and NADH for cardiac physiology assessment.Communications biology · 2022Article
- Catecholamines are key modulators of ventricular repolarization patterns in the ball python (Python regius).The Journal of general physiology · 2022Article
- Catecholamines help snakes have a change of heart.The Journal of general physiology · 2022Article
- Basic Research Approaches to Evaluate Cardiac Arrhythmia in Heart Failure and Beyond.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Review
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
High heart rates are a feature of small endothermic-or warm-blooded-mammals and birds. In small mammals, the QT interval is short, and local ventricular recordings reveal early repolarization that coincides with the J-wave on the ECG, a positive deflection following the QRS complex. Early repolarization contributes to short QT-intervals thereby enabling brief cardiac cycles and high heart rates. We therefore hypothesized high hearts rates associate with early repolarization and J-waves on the ECG of endothermic birds. We tested this hypothesis by comparing isolated hearts of zebra finches and mice and recorded pseudo-ECGs and optical action potentials (zebra finch, n = 8; mouse, n = 8). In both species, heart rate exceeded 300 beats per min, and total ventricular activation was fast (QRS < 10 ms). Ventricular activation progressed from the left to the right ventricle in zebra finch, whereas it progressed from apex-to-base in mouse. In both species, the early repolarization front followed the activation front, causing a positive J-wave in the pseudo-ECG. Inhibition of early repolarization by 4-aminopyridine reduced J-wave amplitude in both species. Action potential duration was similar between ventricles in zebra finch, whereas in mouse the left ventricular action potential was longer. Accordingly, late repolarization had opposite directions in zebra finch (left-right) and mouse (right-left). This caused a similar direction for the zebra finch J-wave and T-wave, whereas in the mouse they were discordant. Our findings demonstrate that early repolarization and the associated J-wave may have evolved by convergence in association with high heart rates.
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