ArticleSupportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer2021
Poorer baseline performance status is associated with increased thromboembolism risk in metastatic cancer patients treated with immunotherapy.
Article in Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations Between Immune-Related Venous Thromboembolism and Efficacy of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/HemostasisPooled it
- Extended Anticoagulation Therapy With Rivaroxaban for Cancer-Associated Low-Risk Pulmonary Embolism According to Different Performance Status Scores: Insights From the ONCO PE Randomized Trial.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Trial
- Enhancing venous thromboembolism risk prediction after immunotherapy for lung cancer.iScience · 2026Article
- The Vienna CATScore for predicting cancer-associated venous thromboembolism: an external validation across multiple time points.ESMO open · 2025Article
- Thromboembolism during immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: frequency and risk factors.Discover oncology · 2024Article
- Venous thrombotic events and impact on outcomes in patients treated with first-line single-agent pembrolizumab in PD-L1 ≥ 50% advanced non small cell lung cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors-Associated Thrombosis: Incidence, Risk Factors and Management.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2023Review
- Performance Status and Long-Term Outcomes in Cancer-Associated Pulmonary Embolism: Insights From the Hokusai-VTE Cancer Study.JACC. CardioOncology · 2022Article
- Assessing the risk of thromboembolism in cancer patients receiving immunotherapy.European journal of haematology · 2022Review
- Exploring the Mechanisms Underlying the Cardiotoxic Effects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapies.Vaccines · 2022Review
- Review
- Risk Factors, Incidence, and Prognosis of Thromboembolism in Cancer Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer patients. However, the association of VTE with immunotherapy remains poorly defined. We therefore evaluated the frequency of VTE in patients receiving immunotherapy and tried to determine predisposing factors.
methodsA total of 133 adult metastatic cancer patients treated with immunotherapy for any cancer between were included. Baseline demographics, ECOG performance status, type of tumors, and baseline blood count parameters were recorded. Possible predisposing factors were evaluated with univariate and multivariate analyses.
resultsThe median age was 60 (interquartile range (IQR) 48-66) years, and the median follow-up was 10.1 (IQR 5.8-18.5) months. Renal cell carcinoma (26.3%) and melanoma (24.1%) were most common diagnoses. Fifteen patients (11.3%) had an episode of VTE. Most of the VTEs were diagnosed as pulmonary emboli (10/15; 67%). Eighty percent (12/15) of these VTE cases were detected incidentally. Patients with a baseline ECOG performance status of 1 or more (29.3% of patients) had a significantly increased risk of venous thrombosis (ECOG ≥1 vs. 0, HR: 3.023, 95% CI: 1.011-9.039, p=0.048). Other factors, including patient age, tumor type, body mass index, baseline thrombocyte, neutrophil, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were not significantly associated with VTE risk.
conclusionsIn this study, we observed VTE development in more than 10% of immunotherapy-treated patients and increased VTE risk in patients with poorer ECOG status. With the asymptomatic nature of VTEs in most cases, a high index of suspicion level for VTE is required in patients treated with immunotherapy.
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