Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33707635›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2021

Enteric reabsorption processes and their impact on drug pharmacokinetics.

Manuel Ibarra, Iñaki F Trocóniz, Pietro Fagiolino

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed.

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  5. Recent Advances in Oral Drug Delivery Systems for BCS III Drugs.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Manuel IbarraDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de la República, P.O. Box 1157, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay. mibarra@fq.edu.uy.
Iñaki F TrocónizPharmacometrics and Systems Pharmacology Research Unit, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Pietro FagiolinoDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de la República, P.O. Box 1157, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Enteric reabsorption occurs when a drug is secreted into the intestinal lumen and reabsorbed into the systemic circulation. This distribution process is evidenced by multiple peaks in pharmacokinetic profiles. Commonly, hepatobiliary drug secretion is assumed to be the underlying mechanism (enterohepatic reabsorption, EHR), neglecting other possible mechanisms such as gastric secretion (enterogastric reabsorption, EGR). In addition, the impact of drug reabsorption on systemic clearance, volume of distribution and bioavailability has been a subject of long-standing discussions. In this work, we propose semi-mechanistic pharmacokinetic models to reflect EHR and EGR and compare their respective impact on primary pharmacokinetic parameters. A simulation-based analysis was carried out considering three drug types with the potential for reabsorption, classified according to their primary route of elimination and their hepatic extraction: (A) hepatic metabolism-low extraction; (B) hepatic metabolism-intermediate/high extraction; (C) renal excretion. Results show that an increase in EHR can significantly reduce the clearance of drugs A and B, increase bioavailability of B drugs, and increase the volume of distribution for all drugs. Conversely, EGR had negligible impact in all pharmacokinetic parameters. Findings provide background to explain and forecast the role that this process can play in pharmacokinetic variability, including drug-drug interactions and disease states.

Indexed as

Intestinal AbsorptionPharmacokineticsAdministration, IntravenousBiological AvailabilityComputer SimulationKineticsModels, BiologicalPharmaceutical PreparationsPharmaceutical Preparations

Identifiers

PMID33707635
PMCPMC7952424

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.