Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33707442›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

An extended APOBEC3A mutation signature in cancer.

Adam Langenbucher, Danae Bowen, Ramin Sakhtemani, Elodie Bournique, Jillian F Wise, Lee Zou, Ashok S Bhagwat, Rémi Buisson, Michael S Lawrence

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed
7.1field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 112 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Evolution ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. HAMMER: Hairpin-based APOBEC3A-mediated mRNA editing reporter.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Emerging drivers of DNA repeat expansions.Biochemical Society transactions · 2025
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. 3A or not 3A: Cytidine deaminases in the etiology of the CAG-repeat expansion diseases.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. APOBEC3A deaminates CTG hairpin loops to promote fragility and instability of expanded CAG/CTG repeats.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  20. Review

22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Adam Langenbucher *Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Danae Bowen *Department of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-8755-8135
Ramin Sakhtemani *Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5342-9415
Elodie BourniqueDepartment of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0196-7996
Jillian F WiseMassachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Lee ZouMassachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. lzou1@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-3094-1058
Ashok S BhagwatDepartment of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. axb@chem.wayne.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-1188-0579
Rémi BuissonDepartment of Biological Chemistry, Center for Epigenetics and Metabolism, Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA. rbuisson@uci.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-7196-8209
Michael S LawrenceMassachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. mslawrence@mgh.harvard.edu.ORCID 0000-0002-1307-459X
Harvard University · USUniversity of California, Irvine · USBroad Institute · USWayne State University · US

Funding

Univ.of Calif., Irvine Cancer Center Support GrantP30CA062203 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI Melanie Funes · 1994 to 2026
$57.9M
Mechanisms driving lung cancer evolution during targeted kinase inhibitor treatmentR01CA249291 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI HATA, AARON N · 2020 to 2024
$2.6M
Impacts of APOBECs on DNA replication, ATR checkpoint, and cancer therapyR01CA218856 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI ZOU, LEE · 2018 to 2021
$1.5M
TARGETING APOBEC3A-EXPRESSING CANCER CELLS WITH ATR INHIBITORSR00CA212154 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA-IRVINE · PI BUISSON, REMI · 2018 to 2020
$747k
Mapping and Visualizing Uracils Created by AID/APOBEC Enzymes using UdgXR21AI144708 · NIAID · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI BHAGWAT, ASHOK S · 2019 to 2020
$398k
Targeting APOBEC3A-expressing cancer cells with ATR inhibitorsK99CA212154 · NCI · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BUISSON, REMI · 2017 to 2018
$285k
NCI NIH HHS K99 CA212154NCI NIH HHS P30 CA062203NCI NIH HHS R00 CA212154NCI NIH HHS R01 CA218856NCI NIH HHS R01 CA249291NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI144708
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

APOBEC mutagenesis, a major driver of cancer evolution, is known for targeting TpC sites in DNA. Recently, we showed that APOBEC3A (A3A) targets DNA hairpin loops. Here, we show that DNA secondary structure is in fact an orthogonal influence on A3A substrate optimality and, surprisingly, can override the TpC sequence preference. VpC (non-TpC) sites in optimal hairpins can outperform TpC sites as mutational hotspots. This expanded understanding of APOBEC mutagenesis illuminates the genomic Twin Paradox, a puzzling pattern of closely spaced mutation hotspots in cancer genomes, in which one is a canonical TpC site but the other is a VpC site, and double mutants are seen only in trans, suggesting a two-hit driver event. Our results clarify this paradox, revealing that both hotspots in these twins are optimal A3A substrates. Our findings reshape the notion of a mutation signature, highlighting the additive roles played by DNA sequence and DNA structure.

Indexed as

Nucleic Acid ConformationBase SequenceCell Line, TumorCell Transformation, NeoplasticCytidine DeaminaseDNAEscherichia coliHEK293 CellsHumansMinor Histocompatibility AntigensMutagenesisMutationNeoplasmsProteinsAPOBEC3A protein, humanAPOBEC3B protein, humanCytidine DeaminaseDNAMinor Histocompatibility AntigensProteins

Identifiers

PMID33707442
PMCPMC7952602
OpenAlexW3133827704

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.