ArticleChild abuse & neglect2021
Adverse childhood events and cognitive function among young adults: Prospective results from the national longitudinal study of adolescent to adult health.
Article in Child abuse & neglect, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Understanding adverse childhood experiences within the first decade of the ABCD study: A systematic review.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- The association between perinatal depressive symptoms and child neurodevelopment.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2024Trial
- The Timing of Police Encounters in Adolescence and Adult Cognitive Function: Heterogeneity by Race/Ethnicity.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Exploring the Evidence Base on the Association Between Parents' Adverse and Positive Experiences and the Developmental, Psychological and Behavioral Outcomes of Their Offspring: A Scoping Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Evaluation of 24-Month Effects of the Close to Home Program on Youth Sexual and Dating Violence Across 22 Communities in California: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Cluster-Matched Control Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Income Volatility During Early to Mid-adulthood and 10-year Memory Decline in a Longitudinal Synthetic Cohort.Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Article
- Effects of HIV and Adverse Childhood Experiences on Neurocognition.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Relationship between adverse childhood experiences and motoric cognitive risk in Chinese older adults: a nationwide study.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2026Article
- Timing of childhood adversity and cognitive profiles in adults with autism spectrum disorder.Annals of general psychiatry · 2026Article
- Identifying biomarkers of neurodevelopmental and mental health outcomes in a prospective longitudinal cohort of South African children: design and feasibility of the Safe Passage BONO study.Pilot and feasibility studies · 2026Article
- Inhibitory control-related neural pathways of early adversity to internalizing problems in preadolescence.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Sexual, dating, and bullying-related forms of violence targeting LGBTQ+ youth among a population-based sample of California high school students.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Adverse Childhood Experiences Exacerbate Neurobehavioral and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms Among Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence-Related Head Trauma.Journal of neurotrauma · 2026Article
- The long-term association of childhood neighborhood quality on cognitive function in later life: the mediating role of domestic violence.BMC psychology · 2026Article
- A preliminary study of implicit statistical learning in non-clinical young adults exposed to early adversity.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Early-Life Parental Affection, Social Relationships in Adulthood, and Later-Life Cognitive Function.Journal of aging and health · 2026Article
- Adverse childhood experiences, early menopause, cognition, and dementia in older adults in the United States.Communications health · 2026Article
- Juvenile delinquency and cognitive function in adulthood: Differentiating violent and nonviolent behaviors and exploring multiple mechanisms.Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence · 2025Article
- Childhood psychological abuse and neglect impair adolescent social-emotional competence: a network analysis with mediation.BMC psychology · 2025Article
- Perceived uncontrollability as a potential mechanism of parental child abuse predicting executive dysfunction in adulthood 18 years later: Replication across two studies.Developmental psychology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) may have lasting impacts on cognition.
objectiveTo determine if ACE exposure is prospectively associated with cognition in young adults. We hypothesized that deprivation- and threat-type ACEs as well as higher cumulative ACE exposure predict poorer cognition. PARTICIPANTS &
settingParticipants were from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health), a prospective cohort investigation of U.S. adolescents followed to adulthood. Current study participants were 18-24 years old (Wave III), 24-32 years old (Wave IV), and 31-42 years old (Wave V). The maximum Wave IV sample was 12,288 adults; Wave V was 1277 adults.
methodsHistory of ACEs were assessed at Wave III. Three cognitive indicators were assessed at Wave IV and Wave V using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (immediate and delayed verbal memory) and the Digit-Span Backward Task (working memory).
resultsThe deprivation ACE of not-having-basic-needs met was associated with poorer working (β = 0.14, CI
conclusionsHigher ACEs, especially deprivation-type, were prospectively linked to poorer cognition. Early wide-scale screening/tailored treatments addressing ACEs and cognitive function may be warranted.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.