Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33705307›Full record

ArticleIEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering2021

Sensitive Physiological Indices of Pain Based on Differential Characteristics of Electrodermal Activity.

Youngsun Kong, Hugo F Posada-Quintero, Ki H Chon

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in IEEE transactions on bio-medical engineering, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.7field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 66 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  12. Pseudo-labeling based adaptations of pain domain classifiers.Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland) · 2025
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  19. Brain-Computer Interface to Deliver Individualized Multisensory Intervention for Neuropathic Pain.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Youngsun Kong
Hugo F Posada-Quintero
Ki H Chon
University of Connecticut · US

Funding

Quantitative Assessment of Dental Pain using a smartphone-attachable electrodermal activity sensorR21DE029563 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CONNECTICUT SCH OF MED/DNT · PI CHEN, I-PING, CHON, KI H · 2020 to 2021
$463k
NIDCR NIH HHS R21 DE029563
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveElectrodermal activity (EDA) has been widely used to assess human response to stressful stimuli, including pain. Recently, spectral analysis of EDA has been found to be more sensitive and reproducible for assessment of sympathetic arousal than traditional indices (e.g., tonic and phasic components). However, none of the aforementioned analyses incorporate the differential characteristics of EDA, which could be more sensitive to capturing fast-changing dynamics associated with pain responses.

methodsWe have tested the feasibility of using the derivative of phasic EDA and the modified time-varying spectral analysis of EDA. Sixteen subjects underwent four levels of pain stimulation using electric stimulation. Five-second segments of EDA were used for each level of stimulation, and pre-stimulation segments were considered stimulation level 0. We used support vector machines with the radial basis function kernel and multi-layer perceptron for three different scenarios of stimulation-level classification tasks: five stimulation levels (four levels of stimulation plus no stimulation); low, medium, and high pain stimulation (stimulation levels 0-1, 2, and 3-4, respectively); and high stimulation levels (stimulation levels 3-4) vs. no stimulation.

resultsThe maximum balanced accuracies were 44% (five stimulation levels), 63% (for low, medium, and high pain stimulation), and 87% (sensitivity 83% and specificity 89%, for high stimulation vs. no stimulation).

conclusionThe differential characteristics of EDA contributed highly to the accuracy of pain stimulation level detection of the classifiers. The external validity dataset was not considered in the study. SIGNIFICANCE: Our approach has the potential for accurate pain quantification using EDA.

Indexed as

Galvanic Skin ResponsePainArousalElectric StimulationHumansSupport Vector Machine

Identifiers

PMID33705307
PMCPMC8483589
OpenAlexW3135269488

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.