Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33704678›Full record

ReviewCardiology and therapy2021

Management of Lower Extremity Pain from Chronic Venous Insufficiency: A Comprehensive Review.

Vwaire Orhurhu, Robert Chu, Katherine Xie, Ghislain N Kamanyi, Bisola Salisu, Mariam Salisu-Orhurhu, Ivan Urits, Rachel J Kaye, Jamal Hasoon, Omar Viswanath and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Cardiology and therapy, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
7.3field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.

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  4. A systematic review exploring the link between chronic venous disease and neuropathy.Journal of vascular surgery. Venous and lymphatic disorders · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.

Vwaire OrhurhuDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. vwo569@mail.harvard.edu.
Robert ChuJohns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MA, USA.
Katherine XieMayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.
Ghislain N KamanyiMeharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.
Bisola SalisuMeharry Medical College, Nashville, TN, USA.
Mariam Salisu-OrhurhuDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Ivan UritsDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Rachel J KayeMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Jamal HasoonDepartment of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Omar ViswanathDepartment of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Aaron J KayeMedical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Jay KarriDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
Zwade MarshallRegenerative Spine and Pain Specialist, Fayetteville, GA, USA.
Alan D KayeDepartment of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Shreveport Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, USA.
Dua AnahitaDivision of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Harvard University · USLouisiana State University in Shreveport · USMeharry Medical College · USBaylor College of Medicine · USBeth Israel Deaconess Medical Center · USJohns Hopkins University · USMassachusetts General Hospital · USMayo Clinic · USMedical University of South Carolina · USUniversity of Arizona · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewChronic venous insufficiency is found to some extent in a large proportion of the world's population, especially in the elderly and obese. Despite its prevalence, little research has been pursued into this pathology when compared to similarly common conditions. Pain is often the presenting symptom of chronic venous insufficiency and has significant deleterious effects on quality of life. This manuscript will describe the development of pain in chronic venous insufficiency, and will also review both traditional methods of pain management and novel advances in both medical and surgical therapy for this disease. RECENT

findingsPain in chronic venous insufficiency is a common complication which remains poorly correlated in recent studies with the clinically observable extent of disease. Although lifestyle modification remains the foundation of treatment for pain associated with chronic venous sufficiency, compression devices and various pharmacologic agents have emerged as safe and effective treatments for pain in these patients. In patients for whom these measures are insufficient, recently developed minimally invasive vascular surgical techniques have been shown to reduce postsurgical complications and recovery time, although additional research is necessary to characterize long-term outcomes of these procedures. This review discusses the latest findings concerning the pathophysiology of pain in chronic venous insufficiency, conservative and medical management, and surgical strategies for pain relief, including minimally invasive treatment strategies.

Indexed as

Chronic venous insufficiencyConservative pain managementMinimally invasive surgeryVein surgery

Identifiers

PMID33704678
PMCPMC8126535
OpenAlexW3135476293

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.