ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2021
Gag p24 Is a Marker of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Expression in Tissues and Correlates With Immune Response.
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Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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24 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Differential contributions of human oligosaccharyltransferase complexes OST-A and OST-B to HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein glycosylation.Journal of virology · 2026Article
- Safety and biologic activity of a bispecific T cell receptor targeting HIV Gag in males living with HIV: a first-in-human trial.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Genomic landscape of HIV-1 proviruses in ART-treated immunological non-responders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Pioglitazone Modulates p65-Mediated Mitochondrial Bioenergetics: Implications for Acetaldehyde-Induced HIV Replication in Alveolar Macrophages.Biomolecules · 2025Article
- Ultra-low level HIV p24 drives immune activation in antiretroviral therapy-treated people living with HIV.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- The impact of acute stress on the HIV reservoir: a prospective interventional trial.Journal of virus eradication · 2025Article
- HIV Integration into the PTEN Gene and Its Tumor Microenvironment Implications for Lung Cancer.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025Article
- HIV and the gut: implications for HIV persistence, immune dysfunction and cure strategies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- HIV Tat as a latency reversing agent: turning the tables on viral persistence.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The influence of HIV sense and antisense transcripts on stochastic HIV transcription and reactivation.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Single cell spatial profiling of FFPE splenic tissue from a humanized mouse model of HIV infection.Biomarker research · 2024Article
- Measuring Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoirs: Do We Need to Choose Between Quantity and Quality?The Journal of infectious diseases · 2024Review
- GITR activationiScience · 2023Article
- The latency-reversing agent HODHBt synergizes with IL-15 to enhance cytotoxic function of HIV-specific T cells.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Venetoclax, alone and in combination with the BH3 mimetic S63845, depletes HIV-1 latently infected cells and delays rebound in humanized mice.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Spontaneous HIV expression during suppressive ART is associated with the magnitude and function of HIV-specific CD4Cell host & microbe · 2023Article
- Application of ultrasensitive digital ELISA for p24 enables improved evaluation of HIV-1 reservoir diversity and growth kinetics in viral outgrowth assays.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Highlights from the Tenth International Workshop on HIV Persistence during Therapy, December 13-16, 2022, Miami, Florida-USA.Journal of virus eradication · 2023Article
- Immune mobilising T cell receptors redirect polyclonal CD8Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Combination strategies to durably suppress HIV-1: Soluble T cell receptors.Journal of virus eradication · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Guoxin WuMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA.
Paul ZuckMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA.
Shih Lin GohMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA.
Jeffrey M MilushDivision of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Poonam VohraDivision of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Joseph K WongDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Ma SomsoukDivision of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6116-3645
Steven A YuklDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Health Care System and University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Barbara L ShacklettDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, USA.
Nicolas ChomontDepartment of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology and Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Ashley T HaaseDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Hiroyu HatanoDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Timothy W SchackerDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Steven G DeeksDivision of HIV, ID, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Daria J HazudaMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA.
Peter W HuntDivision of Experimental Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Bonnie J HowellMerck & Co, Inc, Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5915-9943
University of California, San Francisco · USMerck & Co., Inc., Rahway, NJ, USA (United States) · USCentre Hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal · CASan Francisco General Hospital · USUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Minnesota · USUniversity of Minnesota Medical Center · US
Funding
UCSF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE INSTITUTEUL1RR024131 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$111.2MUnsolicited R24 for the CFAR-Network of Integrated Clinical Sciences, CNICSR24AI067039 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI Michael S. Saag · 2006 to 2026
$99.4MVirology CoreP30AI027763 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI PETER W HUNT · 1988 to 2026
$93.6MUjima Mentoring ProgramP30MH062246 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI MALLORY O JOHNSON · 2001 to 2026
$57.4MViral reservoirs and sanctuaries in HAART - treated patients: role and mechanismsU19AI096109 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI DEEKS, STEVEN GRANT, MCCUNE, JOSEPH M · 2011 to 2015
$29.5MDelaney AIDS Research Enterprise to Cure HIVUM1AI126611 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI DEEKS, STEVEN GRANT, PICKER, LOUIS J. · 2016 to 2020
$27.9MHIV-Specific T Cell Responses in Rectal MucosaR01AI057020 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA DAVIS · PI SHACKLETT, BARBARA L. · 2003 to 2016
$6.2MNovel single genome approaches to determine the mechanisms of HIV latent infection in blood, gut, and lymph nodesR01DK120387 · NIDDK · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI LICHTERFELD, MATHIAS, YUKL, STEVEN A · 2019 to 2023
$4.1MInvestigating Mechanisms of HIV Persistence in the GutR01DK108349 · NIDDK · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI YUKL, STEVEN A · 2015 to 2019
$2.2MUnderstanding HIV latency reversal and clearance of infected cells in vivoR01AI132128 · NIAID · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE/RES/EDU · PI WONG, JOSEPH K, YUKL, STEVEN A · 2017 to 2021
$1.9MHIV-1 Adaptation in the Central Nervous SystemR01NS051132 · NINDS · NORTHERN CALIFORNIA INSTITUTE RES &EDUC · PI WONG, JOSEPH K · 2005 to 2009
$1.8MThe impact of early antiretroviral therapy on HIV persistence and inflammationR01AI087145 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI DEEKS, STEVEN GRANT · 2009 to 2010
$1.6MBLRD VA I01 BX001048CSRD VA IK2 CX000520NCI NIH HHS K23 CA157929NCRR NIH HHS UL1 RR024131NIAID NIH HHS K23 AI075985NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI069994NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI027763NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI057020NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI087145NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI132128NIAID NIH HHS R24 AI067039NIAID NIH HHS R56 AI091573NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI096109NIAID NIH HHS UM1 AI126611NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK108349NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK120387NIMH NIH HHS P30 MH062246NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS051132
Abstract
We demonstrate that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gag p24 protein is more readily detected in gut and lymph node tissues than in blood CD4+ T cells and correlates better with CD4 count during antiretroviral therapy (ART). Gut p24 levels also measurably decline with ART in natural controllers. During ART, gut p24 expression is more strongly associated both with HIV-specific CD8+ T-cell frequency and plasma soluble CD14 levels than gut HIV RNA expression. This study supports using gag p24 as a marker of HIV expression in HIV+ tissues to study effects of viral persistence and to monitor efficacy of treatment in HIV-based clearance studies.
Indexed as
BiomarkersBiopsyCD4 Lymphocyte CountCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFemalegag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV-1HIV Core Protein p24HIV InfectionsHumansLymphocyte ActivationBiomarkersgag Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency VirusHIV Core Protein p24biomarkerfine needle aspiratesgag p24HIVHIV persistencelymph nodesrectal biopsy
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