ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences2021
Updating and Validating the U.S. Veterans Affairs Frailty Index: Transitioning From ICD-9 to ICD-10.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 100 citations in OpenAlex.
- More intensive therapy as more effective treatment for frail patients with multiple myeloma [corrected].Blood advances · 2023Trial
- Effectiveness of the 2025-2026 seasonal influenza vaccine among U.S. veterans: an observational study.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
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- Life-Sustaining Treatment Documentation in VA Home Based Primary Care Improves With Feedback Reports and Facilitation.Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · 2026Article
- Frailty Predicts Incident Osteoporotic Fractures in Veterans with Rheumatoid Arthritis.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Statins and survival free of incident frailty among older US veterans.European heart journal · 2026Article
- Updating and validating the Figueroa Frailty Index: transitioning from ICD-9 to ICD-10.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Falls and Fall-Related Injuries and Hospitalizations in Autistic Older Adults: A Medicare Data Study.Autism : the international journal of research and practice · 2026Article
- Target Trial Emulation: Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors, Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors for Kidney Outcome Prevention.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- BNT162b2 LP.8.1 early vaccine effectiveness against COVID-19 emergency department, urgent care, and outpatient visits.Nature communications · 2026Article
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- Small Strokes, Big Impact: Excessive Mortality After Acute Ischemic Stroke in Parkinson's Disease.Movement disorders : official journal of the Movement Disorder Society · 2026Article
- Out-of-Pocket Costs and Antihypertensive Medication Use Among Veterans: A Natural Experiment.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- The impact of frailty on postoperative outcomes of veterans with stage I non-small cell lung cancer.Surgery · 2026Article
- Comparing Autistic and Non-Autistic Older Adults' Fall-Related Hospitalization Care and Outcomes.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Evaluating Frailty Index Integrity: Insights from an International Network Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Docetaxel Rechallenge vs Cabazitaxel in Patients With Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Association Between Gliflozins Use and Outcomes in Adults with Sepsis: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Among Veterans.Annals of intensive care · 2026Article
- When context matters: social disparities in preventable hospitalizations among Medicare beneficiaries with dementia.Innovation in aging · 2026Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
16 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe Veterans Affairs Frailty Index (VA-FI) is an electronic frailty index developed to measure frailty using administrative claims and electronic health records data in Veterans. An update to ICD-10 coding is needed to enable contemporary measurement of frailty.
methodInternational Classification of Diseases, ninth revision (ICD-9) codes from the original VA-FI were mapped to ICD-10 first using the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) General Equivalence Mappings. The resulting ICD-10 codes were reviewed by 2 geriatricians. Using a national cohort of Veterans aged 65 years and older, the prevalence of deficits contributing to the VA-FI and associations between the VA-FI and mortality over years 2012-2018 were examined.
resultsThe updated VA-FI-10 includes 6422 codes representing 31 health deficits. Annual cohorts defined on October 1 of each year included 2 266 191 to 2 428 115 Veterans, for which the mean age was 76 years, 97%-98% were male, 78%-79% were White, and the mean VA-FI was 0.20-0.22. The VA-FI-10 deficits showed stability before and after the transition to ICD-10 in 2015, and maintained strong associations with mortality. Patients classified as frail (VA-FI > 0.2) consistently had a hazard of death more than 2 times higher than nonfrail patients (VA-FI ≤ 0.1). Distributions of frailty and associations with mortality varied with and without linkage to CMS data and with different assessment periods for capturing deficits.
conclusionsThe updated VA-FI-10 maintains content validity, stability, and predictive validity for mortality in a contemporary cohort of Veterans aged 65 years and older, and may be applied to ICD-9 and ICD-10 claims data to measure frailty.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.