ArticleAge and ageing2021
Balance and cognitive decline in older adults in the cardiovascular health study.
Article in Age and ageing, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Effect of Exercise on the Cognitive Function of Older Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Prediction model of all-cause death based on balance ability among middle-aged and older Chinese adults of overweight and obesity.Frontiers in public health · 2022Trial
- Postural Balance, Hearing Loss, and Cognitive Executive Function in the Elderly: Are They Related?Audiology research · 2026Article
- The association between lower extremity physical performance and diabetic retinopathy among patients with type 2 diabetes in Shaoguan City, China.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- Assessment of Bidirectional and Threshold-Response Associations Between Cognitive Function and Physical Performance: Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2025Article
- Gait, balance, and physical performance as markers of early Alzheimer's disease and related dementia risk.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2025Article
- Associations between 10-second standing balance tests and mild cognitive impairment in older adults in Colombia: A cross-sectional national survey.PLOS global public health · 2025Article
- Factors affecting cognitive frailty improvement and progression in Taiwanese older adults.BMC geriatrics · 2024Article
- Association between Life's Essential 8 and cognitive function: insights from NHANES 2011-2014.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2024Article
- Examining the intersection of cognitive and physical function measures: Results from the brain networks and mobility (B-NET) study.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Article
- Exploring cognitive trajectories and their association with physical performance: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.Epidemiology and health · 2023Article
- Prospective association between standing balance and cognitive function in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.Frontiers in psychology · 2022Article
- Effects of Physical Activity on Physical Fitness and Functional Ability in Older Adults.Gerontology & geriatric medicineArticle
- Higher Dynamic Balance Performance Was Associated With Cognitive Function Among U.S. Community-Dwelling Low-Income Older Adults.SAGE open nursingArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated an association between gait speed and cognitive function. However, the relationship between balance and cognition remains less well explored. This study examined the cross-sectional and longitudinal relationship of balance and cognitive decline in older adults.
methodsA cohort of 4,811 adults, aged ≥65 years, participating in the Cardiovascular Health Study was followed for 6 years. Modified Mini-Mental State Examination (3MSE) and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used to measure cognition. Tandem balance measures were used to evaluate balance. Regression models were adjusted for demographics, behavioural and disease factors.
resultsWorse balance was independently associated with worse cognition in cross-sectional analysis. Longitudinally, participants aged ≥76 years with poorer balance had a faster rate of decline after adjustment for co-variates: -0.97 points faster decline in 3MSE per year (95% confidence interval (CI): -1.32, -0.63) compared to the participants with good balance. There was no association of balance and change in 3MSE among adults aged <76 years (P value for balance and age interaction < 0.0001). DSST scores reflected -0.21 (95% CI: -0.37, -0.05) points greater decline when adjusted for co-variates. In Cox proportional hazard models, participants with worse balance had a higher risk of being cognitively impaired over the 6 years of follow-up visits (adjusted HR:1.72, 95% CI: 1.30, 2.29).
conclusionsFuture studies should evaluate standing balance as a potential screening technique to identify individuals at risk of cognitive decline. Furthermore, a better understanding of the pathophysiological link between balance and cognition may inform strategies to prevent cognitive decline.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.