Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33693456›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of clinical pathology2021

The Utility of Liver Biopsy in the Evaluation of Liver Disease and Abnormal Liver Function Tests.

Ali Khalifa, David N Lewin, Roula Sasso, Don C Rockey

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in American journal of clinical pathology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
1.7field-weighted citation impact, top 14% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Diagnostic Utility of Liver Biopsy in Persistent Unexplained Liver Enzyme Elevation: A Retrospective Cohort Study.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Adenovirus Hepatitis in Immunocompetent Adults.Journal of investigative medicine high impact case reports
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Ali KhalifaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
David N LewinDepartment of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Roula SassoDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Don C RockeyDepartment of Internal Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
Medical University of South Carolina · US

Funding

The role of SMAD1 and SATB2 in colon patterningP20GM130457 · NIGMS · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI STEPHEN A DUNCAN · 2020 to 2026
$18.7M
Proteomics CoreP30DK123704 · NIDDK · MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH CAROLINA · PI DON C. ROCKEY · 2020 to 2026
$8.8M
NIDDK NIH HHS P30 DK123704NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM130457NIH HHS P30123704
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesWe aimed to assess the value of liver biopsy in the evaluation of abnormal liver tests.

methodsWe analyzed consecutive liver biopsy specimens performed for evaluation of unexplained abnormal liver tests from 2014 to 2018. Diagnoses were categorized histologically and clinically. We determined whether histologic examination led to a specific diagnosis and whether prebiopsy laboratory variables predicted the underlying etiology.

resultsAmong the 383 liver biopsy specimens included, chronic hepatitis was the most common histologic (25%) and clinical (17%) diagnosis. Liver biopsy led to a clinical diagnosis in 87% of patients. The most likely clinical diagnoses were autoimmune hepatitis, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and drug-induced liver injury (38, 33, and 32 patients, respectively). Using sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values, we found that liver tests were not predictive of a specific diagnosis. In patients with no history of liver disease or clinical features of portal hypertension, biopsy specimens revealed histologic cirrhosis in 5% of patients.

conclusionsHistopathologic diagnoses were made in 85% of patients undergoing liver biopsy for investigation of unexplained liver tests, leading to a clinical diagnosis in 87% of patients. However, neither liver tests themselves nor their patterns were useful in predicting histologic or clinical diagnoses.

Indexed as

BiopsyLiver Function TestsAdultAgedFemaleHumansLiver DiseasesMaleMiddle AgedPredictive Value of TestsCirrhosisEnzymesHepaticHepatitisHistologyPanel

Identifiers

PMID33693456
PMCPMC8259499
OpenAlexW3135212049

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.