Evidence map›Paper›PMID 33692766›Full record

ReviewFrontiers in microbiology2021

Review: Lessons Learned From Clinical Trials Using Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs).

Gabrielle S Dijksteel, Magda M W Ulrich, Esther Middelkoop, Bouke K H L Boekema

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Frontiers in microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 227 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
227citing papers in PubMed
37.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

227 citing papers in PubMed, 374 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
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  13. Therapeutic peptides and proteins: Status and developments in drug delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
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  17. Synergistic Action of Antimicrobial Peptides and Antibiotics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

167 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Gabrielle S DijksteelAssociation of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, Netherlands.
Magda M W UlrichAssociation of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, Netherlands.
Esther MiddelkoopAssociation of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, Netherlands.
Bouke K H L BoekemaAssociation of Dutch Burn Centres, Beverwijk, Netherlands.
Amsterdam University Medical Centers · NLAssociation of Dutch Burn Centres · NLVrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) or host defense peptides protect the host against various pathogens such as yeast, fungi, viruses and bacteria. AMPs also display immunomodulatory properties ranging from the modulation of inflammatory responses to the promotion of wound healing. More interestingly, AMPs cause cell disruption through non-specific interactions with the membrane surface of pathogens. This is most likely responsible for the low or limited emergence of bacterial resistance against many AMPs. Despite the increasing number of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the potency of novel AMPs to combat such pathogens, only a few AMPs are in clinical use. Therefore, the current review describes (i) the potential of AMPs as alternatives to antibiotics, (ii) the challenges toward clinical implementation of AMPs and (iii) strategies to improve the success rate of AMPs in clinical trials, emphasizing the lessons we could learn from these trials.

Indexed as

antimicrobial peptideclinical trialcytotoxicityimprovement strategiesinfectionmechanism of actionpeptide modificationsresistance

Identifiers

PMID33692766
PMCPMC7937881
OpenAlexW3131431845

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.