ArticleTropical medicine and health2021
Soil transmitted helminth infection in primary school children varies with ecozone in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area, Tanzania.
Article in Tropical medicine and health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among African children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Pooled it
- Persistence of soil-transmitted helminth infections among school-age children after multiple rounds of mass drug administration in Machame Narumu, Hai District, north-eastern Tanzania.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of nematode-microbiota interactions in cancer therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Prevalence and Infection Intensity of Soil-Transmitted Helminths and Schistosomiasis Among Preschool Children in Mainland Tanzania.Journal of parasitology research · 2026Article
- Achieving elimination of soil-transmitted helminthiasis as a public health problem in Mali.BMJ global health · 2025Article
- Relationship between soil transmitted helminths, nutritional status and cognitive function among school children in Lusaka district, Zambia.Journal of parasitic diseases : official organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology · 2025Article
- Prevalence and Risk Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminths Among Students in Fogera District, Northwest Ethiopia.Global health, epidemiology and genomics · 2025Article
- Prevalence, Infection Intensity, and Risk Factors for Soil-transmitted Helminth Infections among School Children in Northwestern Tanzania.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Knowledge and participation in mass drug administration against lymphatic filariasis and soil-transmitted helminth infections among the community members in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · 2023Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSoil-transmitted helminthiasis is a neglected tropical disease, thriving in environments of poverty and disadvantage. Our objective was to determine the prevalence and intensity of four soil transmitted helminths (STH) among primary school children in the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA), Tanzania.
methodsA cross-sectional study was performed between May 15
resultsSTHs identified included Ascaris (presumably lumbricoides), Trichuris (presumably trichiura), hookworms (presumably Ancylostoma duodenale and/or Necator americanus), and Strongyloides (presumably stercoralis). The overall prevalence of STH infection was 29.0% in LEE and 34.0% in HEE. Prevalence was 34.3% and 28.2% in males versus females, respectively. Ascaris sp. were only identified in HEE, prevalence of Trichuris sp. and hookworms were significantly higher in HEE compared to LEE, and Strongyloides spp. prevalence was lower in HEE. Intensity of Trichuris sp. was significantly higher in HEE and lower for hookworms. We did not detect a significant relationship between BMI and helminth intensity; however, BMI was lower in lower elevations and in males vs. females. Sanitation practices are taught at the schools, but challenges were identified when implementing. Latrine facilities were available and latrine-cleaning routines were practiced; however, hand washing practices were challenging due to restricted water availability.
conclusionsSignificant differences in prevalence in HEE and LEE exist, and STH infections are still very common among school children suggesting that anthelminthic intervention and education may be necessary in this region. Based on this outcome, the study area in the NCA would be classified as a medium risk area, where periodic treatment recommendations should be based on prevalence estimations in the different ecozones.
trial registrationEthics approval was obtained from the Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences (CUHAS; Lake Zone Institutional Review Board MR/53/100/307)); the Conjoint Health Research Ethics Board (CHREB) at the University of Calgary in Canada (Study ID REB14-0127); the National Institute of Medical Research (NIMR) of Tanzania; and the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology (COSTEC).
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